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Evaluation of deep eutectic solvent as a new monomer for molecularly imprinted polymers for removal of bisphenol A

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Abstract

Deep eutectic solvent molecularly imprinted polymer (DES-MIP) was synthesized by bulk polymerization via free radical polymerization using bisphenol A (BPA) as a template, DES as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. DES functional monomer was prepared by the combination of choline chloride methacrylic acid (ChCl-MAA). The synthesized DES-MIP was then compared with conventional molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) synthesized using methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer. The DES-MIP has a higher selectivity for BPA (17.72 mg/g) than competing chemicals, including bisphenol AP (9.78 mg/g), 2-naphthol (8.25), and 4-tertiary butyl-phenol (6.98 mg/g). The optimization parameters include the effects of pH, adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherm, and thermodynamic studies were investigated. DES-MIP showed the highest binding capacity at pH 7. The kinetic and isotherm studies demonstrated good agreement with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. The thermodynamic study proved that the adsorption of BPA on DES-MIP was exothermic and spontaneous with ΔH0 (-23.734 × kJ/mol) and ΔG0 (-2.929 kJ/mol−). Reusability experiments show that the DES-MIP can be recycled five times without significantly diminishing its adsorption capacity. As a result, it proved that the contribution of DES as a functional monomer alternative in MIP synthesis considerably improved the recognition of BPA adsorption.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from authors upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The research was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme for Research Acculturation of Early Career Research (FRGS-Racer) RACER/1/2019/STG01/UTHM//2 and assistance support from Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM).

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  1. Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM, UTHM Pagoh Campus, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, KM 1, Jalan Panchor, 84600, Muar, Johor, Malaysia

    Syed Asim Hussain Shah & Saliza Asman

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Shah, S.A.H., Asman, S. Evaluation of deep eutectic solvent as a new monomer for molecularly imprinted polymers for removal of bisphenol A. J Polym Res 30, 205 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-023-03581-1

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