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Sensitive Spectrophotometric Determination of U(VI) Ion at Trace Level in Water Samples: A Simple and Rapid Homogenous Solvent-Based/In-Situ Solvent Formation Microextraction Based on Synthesized/Characterized Task-Specific Ionic Liquid

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Abstract

The preconcentration of uranium VI (U(VI)) at trace levels in some real water and wastewater samples and its determination by spectrophotometry using a homogeneous solvent-based microextraction method, specifically in-situ solvent formation microextraction, were investigated. This microextraction method uses a unique task-specific ionic liquid (IL) as the specific complexing agent and/or extracting phase. A pyrrolidinium-based IL modified with (E)-5-(bromomethyl)-2-(pyridin-2-yldiazenyl) phenol as a task-specific IL (E)-1-(3-hydroxy-4-(pyridin-2-yldiazenyl) benzyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide (TSIL/Br) was successfully synthesized and characterized by 1HNMR and FTIR analyses. TSIL/Br chelated with U(VI) ions in the aqueous phase to form a hydrophilic [U(VI)-TSIL/Br2] complex with high efficiency. It was then converted to a hydrophobic [U(VI)-TSIL/(NTf2)2] complex through a counter-ion agent, such as bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (\(\text{NTF}_2^-\)) for separation from the aqueous solution phase. This process eliminates the need for a separate complexing agent, because TSIL/Br acts simultaneously as both a complexing agent and an extracting solvent. In brief, the conditions of the microextraction process must be optimized for the analysis of real water samples. Under the optimum conditions, a preconcentration factor, detection limit, quantification limit, linear dynamic range, and relative standard deviation of 218, 1.62 ng·mL−1, 5.42 ng·mL−1, 20.0–450.0 ng·mL−1, and 2.47% (n = 10, 20 ng·mL−1) were obtained, respectively. Finally, to assess the method’s ability, it was successfully employed to determine the U(VI) ion content in various real water, wastewater and reference material samples.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Biosensor and Energy Research Center, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University for financial support.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran

    Mehdi Hosseini & Seyyed Mehdi Khoshfetrat

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  1. Mehdi Hosseini
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by [Mehdi Hosseini]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [Mehdi Hosseini]. The revised manuscript was edited with contributions from [Mehdi Hosseini and Seyyed Mehdi Khoshfatrat]. Additionally, the preparation of the uranium reference material and some supplementary analyses were conducted by [Seyyed Mehdi Khoshfetrat]. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mehdi Hosseini.

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Hosseini, M., Khoshfetrat, S.M. Sensitive Spectrophotometric Determination of U(VI) Ion at Trace Level in Water Samples: A Simple and Rapid Homogenous Solvent-Based/In-Situ Solvent Formation Microextraction Based on Synthesized/Characterized Task-Specific Ionic Liquid. J Solution Chem (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-024-01384-6

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