Abstract
Characteristics such as calcareous morphology and life cycle are used to understand the ecology of calcified rhodophytes. However, there is limited information regarding their chemical profiles and biological activities. Therefore, a systematic review (PRISMA) was conducted to assess the influence of the chemistry of calcareous rhodophytes on ecological interactions in the marine environment. The keywords used were: ["Chemical AND [Ecology OR Interaction OR Response OR Defense OR Effect OR Cue OR Mediated OR Induce]"] AND ["Red Seaweed" OR "Red Macroalgae" OR Rhodophy?] AND [Calcified OR Calcareous] in Science Direct, Scielo, PUBMED, Springer, Web of Science, and Scopus. Only English articles within the proposed theme were considered. Due to the low number of articles, another search was conducted with three classes and 16 genera. Finally, 67 articles were considered valid. Their titles, abstracts, and keywords were analyzed using IRaMuTeQ through factorial, hierarchical and similarity classification. Most of the studies used macroalgae thallus to evaluate chemical mediation while few tested crude extracts. Some substances were noted as sesquiterpene (6-hydroxy-isololiolide), fatty acid (heptadeca5,8,11-triene) and dibromomethane. The articles were divided into four classes: Herbivory, Competition, Settlement/Metamorphosis, and Epiphytism. Crustose calcareous algae were associated with studies of Settlement/Metamorphosis, while calcified algae were linked to herbivory. Thus, the importance of chemistry in the ecology of these algae is evident,and additional studies are needed to identify the substances responsible for ecological interactions. This study collected essential information on calcified red algae, whose diversity appears to be highly vulnerable to the harmful impacts of ongoing climate change.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) and the Graduate Program in Biological Science (PPGBIO), as well as the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and Graduate Program in Vegetable Biotechnology and Bioprocesses (PBV) for the facilities and support. Moreover, we thank the Laboratory of Biology and Taxonomy of Algae (LABIOTAL -UNIRIO), Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy (FitoFar – UFRJ), and the funding agencies Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the doctoral, master’s and technical scholarships.
Funding
This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) [grant number E-26/203.240/2017 to JCDP]; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) [Finance Code 001]; Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO); and Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ).
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Amanda Cunha de Souza Coração, Brendo Araujo Gomes, Joel Campos de Paula contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, literature search and data analysis were performed by Amanda Cunha de Souza Coração, Brendo Araujo Gomes, Amanda Mendonça Chyaromont, Ana Christina Pires Lannes-Vieira, Erick Alves Pereira Lopes-Filho, Ana Prya Bartolo Gomes, Suzana Guimarães Leitão, Valéria Laneuville Teixeira, Joel Campos de Paula. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Amanda Cunha de Souza Coração and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Joel Campos de Paula and Valéria Laneuville Teixeira critically revised the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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De Souza Coração, A.C., Gomes, B.A., Chyaromont, A.M. et al. How the Ecology of Calcified Red Macroalgae is Investigated under a Chemical Approach? A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Study. J Chem Ecol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-024-01525-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-024-01525-7