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GO and rGO Blended CdS Nanoparticles for Congo Red Dye Deactivation, Energy Storage and Growth Inhibition Against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli Bacterial Strains: A Comparative Analysis

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Abstract

In this paper, CdS (CS), graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-blended CdS (GCS and rCS) NPs are studied for their photocatalytic, electrochemical, and antimicrobial properties. CS and GCS were synthesized by chemical precipitation method. Centella asiatica leaf extract was used to produce rCS in one pot. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed hexagonal crystal structure for all the samples. All samples had Cd-S bond vibrations confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. Photoluminescence (PL) intensities of CdS quenched with GO and rGO decoration. GCS and rCS NPs exhibited strong optical absorption with reduced band gaps. Photodegradation efficiency of CS against CR dye increased from 84 to 90 % for GCS and 96 % for rCS. Specific capacitance of CdS increased with GO, rGO incorporation and the rGO-blended CdS NPs showed better electrochemical properties. Antibacterial tests performed with different concentrations (20, 40, 60 and 80 mg) of CS, GCS and rCS NPs confirmed that GCS and rCS resisted the tested B. subtilis and E. coli bacteria effectively better than CS, with rCS showing more resistance. These outcomes show that rGO blended PbS/NiO NC might be used as antibiotics in the future due to its high effectiveness against the pathogenic microorganisms.

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Data and Materials used for this study are available upon request.

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Acknowledgements

For the CV studies, we are very grateful to Mr. Vincent of St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu.

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“The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli), Poondi, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Suganya, A. R. Balu, S. Chitra Devi, M. Karthika, M. Sriramraj, K. Devendran & S. Adityan

  2. ECE Department, School of EEE, Sastra University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    B. Sowmiya Devi

  3. Physics Department, Bon Secours College for Women, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Karthika

  4. Physics Department, Annai Vailankanni Arts and Science College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    C. Kayathiri

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Contributions

Conceptualization—ARB; Methodology—MS; Formal analysis and investigation—SA, MS; Writing—original draft preparation—SCD; Writing—review and editing—ARB; Funding acquisition—KD, CK; Interpretation of data—MK, BSD. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to A. R. Balu.

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Suganya, M., Balu, A.R., Devi, B.S. et al. GO and rGO Blended CdS Nanoparticles for Congo Red Dye Deactivation, Energy Storage and Growth Inhibition Against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli Bacterial Strains: A Comparative Analysis. J Clust Sci 35, 827–843 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-023-02522-8

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