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An investigation of microwave dielectric properties of BaZr0.25Ti0.75O3 and performance of DRA for 5G application

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Abstract

BaZr0.25Ti0.75O3 ceramic’s structural, microstructural, and dielectric performances in the microwave region are illustrated in the current work for its prospective use in dielectric resonator antennas at the 5G frequency. Making the BaZr0.25Ti0.75O3 composition involved using the standard solid-state method. The phase was discovered by the X-ray diffraction process, proving a cubic symmetry to exist in the composition. The Rietveld refinement method was used to obtain the structural parameters. The BaZr0.25Ti0.75O3 ceramic's microstructural shape shows a clearly defined, dense grain. Measurements of the prepared sample's microwave dielectric properties were made across the frequency range of 1 to 10 GHz. Around 2–5 GHz, it is discovered that the relative permittivity and dielectric loss are mainly stable and change with frequency. The quality factor (Q × f) and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf), which are the dielectric factors in the microwave area, were computed using the conventional formula. The temperature-dependent dielectric properties have been used to compute the permittivity's temperature coefficient. HFSS software has been used to investigate the simulated performance of dielectric resonator antennas (DRA)-based on BaZr0.25Ti0.75O3 ceramic. The simulated S11 parameter that was obtained exhibits superior return loss and excellent efficiency at 3.3 GHz. We have shown the input impedance, gain, and radiation pattern at ϕ = 0° and ϕ = 90°. It has been shown how the electric and magnetic fields are distributed in DRA. Furthermore, the simulated result has been used to obtain the bandwidth, VSWR, and mismatch loss.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors, SNT acknowledges Odisha State Higher Education Council for providing financial support under OURIIP Seed Fund with reference no 22SF/PH/092. The authors are thankful to Dr. Elliot L. Bennett, University of Liverpool, for hel** with the microwave dielectric measurement.

Funding

This work was funded by OURIIP Seed Fund, 22SF/PH/092.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, C.V. Raman Global University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752054, India

    S. Mohapatra & T. Badapanda

  2. Department of Physics, Government Autonomous College, Angul, Odisha, 759124, India

    Satya N. Tripathy

Authors
  1. S. Mohapatra
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  2. T. Badapanda
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  3. Satya N. Tripathy
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Contributions

SM: methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft. TB: conceptualization, supervision, writing—review & editing. SNT: conceptualization, data curation, writing—original draft.

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Correspondence to T. Badapanda.

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Mohapatra, S., Badapanda, T. & Tripathy, S.N. An investigation of microwave dielectric properties of BaZr0.25Ti0.75O3 and performance of DRA for 5G application. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 167 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-11937-6

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