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Development of Quercetin-loaded polyvinyl-alcohol/gelatin nanofibrous coating over Ti–6Al–4V bone implant with improved antibacterial and bioactive characteristics

  • Composites & nanocomposites
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Abstract

The growing incidence of bone injuries has elevated the demand for Titanium-based orthopedic implants, yet implant-associated infections and loosening remain significant contributors to implant failure in orthopedic surgeries. The present study addressed the issue of aseptic and septic loosening of Ti–6Al–4V orthopedic implants using a bidirectional strategy of develo** extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking electrospun nanofiber coating composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–Gelatin–Quercetin (PGQ) with concomitant antibacterial and osteoinductive property on Ti–6Al–4V surface. The polymeric nanofiber coating of PVA–Gelatin (PG) blend on the Ti–6Al–4V showed ECM mimicking morphology confirmed by SEM with desirable strong adhesion in accordance with ASTM D3359:3B over the implant surface. The physiochemical characterizations of the coated nanofibers performed by FTIR and contact angle measurement confirmed presence of hydrophilic PG coating on Ti–6Al–4V surface. Reinforcement of Quercetin, a natural polyphenol with promising antibacterial and osteogenic potential in PG nanofibers and coating on Ti–6Al–4V imparted antibacterial and osteogenic properties. Quercetin-loaded PGQ nanofibers showed a biphasic release pattern with initial burst release of Quercetin from the implant surface providing the required protection with early microbial infections from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), whereas steady controlled release of Quercetin from Ti-PGQ implant supported alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Ca–P mineral deposition by osteoblast. The Quercetin concentration of 0.1% (w/v) showed the overall optimum cellular response compared to 0.05 and 0.2% concentration. These findings reflect substantial progress in employing Quercetin-loaded nanofiber-coated Ti–6Al–4V to potentially lower aseptic and septic loosening risks in bone tissue engineering.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

A.B. acknowledges MHRD, Government of India, New Delhi for providing research facility by sanctioning Center of Excellence (F.No. 5–6/2013-TS VII) in Tissue Engineering and Center of Excellence in Orthopedic Tissue Engineering and Rehabilitation funded by World Bank under TEQIP-II, S.K. acknowledges the Science & Engineering Research Board, Startup Research Grant (SERB-SRG/2021/001886), and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (Adhoc-ID.2021-9106) for funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India

    Sovan Dey, Soumya Shuvra Smita & Amit Biswas

  2. Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India

    Sovan Dey & Sachin Kumar

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India

    Sachin Kumar

  4. Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 411033, India

    Amit Kumar Singh

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Contributions

Sovan Dey: Methodology, Experimentation, Data Curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft. Amit Kumar Singh: Methodology, Experimentation, In-Vitro Experimentation, Formal analysis. Soumya Shubhra Smita: In-Vitro Experimentation, Formal analysis. Amit Biswas: Conceptualized, designed the study and review. Sachin Kumar: Designed the study, drafted the manuscript and review.

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Correspondence to Amit Biswas or Sachin Kumar.

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Dey, S., Singh, A.K., Smita, S.S. et al. Development of Quercetin-loaded polyvinyl-alcohol/gelatin nanofibrous coating over Ti–6Al–4V bone implant with improved antibacterial and bioactive characteristics. J Mater Sci 59, 11799–11816 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09899-5

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