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Magnetic aligned sulfonated carbon nanotube/Nafion composite membranes with anisotropic mechanical and proton conductive properties

  • Composites & nanocomposites
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Abstract

Nafion composite membranes with various amounts of sulfonated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Su-CNTs) were prepared either in or without a strong magnetic field. Interestingly, it is found that being recast in a strong magnetic field, the tensile strength at break and proton conductivity of Su-CNTs/Nafion composite membranes parallel to the magnetic field direction were higher than those perpendicular to magnetic field. Remarkably, such anisotropic mechanical property and proton conductivity of Su-CNTs/Nafion composite membranes strongly depend on water uptake and temperature, in particular the content of Su-CNTs. Quite a different dependence of the proton conductivity of the composite membranes on Su-CNT content, relative humidities and temperatures is well explained for the anisotropic proton conductivity of the Su-CNTs/Nafion membrane recast in a strong magnetic field, which is attributed to the preferential proton transporting along ionic water channels mainly coalesced by the orientated Su-CNTs at a specific water uptake. For Nafion composite membranes with 5 wt.% Su-CNTs, the proton conductivity along the direction of treating magnetic field approaches to 0.216 S/cm, which is \(\sim\) 46% higher than that perpendicular to the magnetic field at 95 \(^{\circ }\)C. The present work provides a deep insight of the humidity and temperature dependence of proton conductivity of Su-CNTs/Nafion composite membranes and a new strategy for fabrication proton exchange membranes with high proton conductivity as well as good mechanical property.

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Acknowledgements

The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 11875209, 11947109 and 12075172) and National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2019YFA0210003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Solid State Physics Hubei Province, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Libing Qian, Lei Liu, **aowei Zhang, **g**g Li, Zhe Liu, Pengfei Fang & Chunqing He

  2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials Genome Engineering, School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China

    Chongshan Yin

  3. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Haining Zhang

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  1. Libing Qian
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Qian, L., Yin, C., Liu, L. et al. Magnetic aligned sulfonated carbon nanotube/Nafion composite membranes with anisotropic mechanical and proton conductive properties. J Mater Sci 56, 6764–6779 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05678-0

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