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Candle soot derived carbon dots as potential corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel in HCl medium

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Abstract

In the present work, functionalized carbon dots (CDs) derived from candle soot (CS) was used as a potential corrosion inhibitor for the corrosion of stainless steel (SS) in 1 M HCl medium. The carbon soot was collected from the waste candle which on further strong oxidation with conc. HNO3 results in the formation of CDs. CS and CNs were characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, UV–Visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). TEM analysis of CNs shows that the particles of CDs are spherical with an average size of 3 nm. Further, the corrosion inhibiting nature of CDs towards the corrosion of SS was evaluated using weight loss measurements, surface morphological analysis using SEM, potentiodynamic polarization studies, and electrical impedance spectroscopy. Calculation of activation energy using the Arrhenius equation shows the increase in activation energy while adding the CDs in 1 M HCl medium and the maximum activation energy (54.06 kJ mol−1) was observed for 200 mg L−1 CDs in an acid medium. The negative entropy obtained from the transition state equation suggested the associative mechanism in the formation of the activated complex. Langmuir adsorption isotherm suggested the type of interaction between CDs and SS is both physisorption and chemisorption. Electrical impedance spectral analysis and Tafel analysis show the high inhibiting nature of CDs towards the corrosion of SS in 1 M HCl medium due to the formation of a passive film of CDs on the surface of SS resulting in the protection of corrosion in acid medium. Further, Tafel analysis revealed the type of inhibitor as a mixed type inhibitor.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the management of Arul Anandar College for the financial support in the form of seed money research grant (2020-21 and 2021-22). Financial support from Research Park (Project code: 6UGRP21CH002), Loyola College, Chennai is also greatly acknowledged.

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The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625009, India

    K. Ganesan & D. S. Bhuvaneshwari

  2. Department of Chemistry, Arul Anandar College (Autonomous), Madurai Kamaraj University, Karumathur, Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, 625514, India

    C. Hayagreevan, A. John Jeevagan & M. Amalraj

  3. Department of Chemistry, Loyola College (University of Madras), Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 034, India

    T. Adinaveen & P. Leema Sophie

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Contributions

KG: Characterization of carbon dots, investigation of corrosion analysis using carbon dots. CH: Preparation of Carbon dots. AJJ: Writing—Review & Editing of manuscript, and conceptualization of the research along with Corresponding author. TA: Characterization of SEM, TEM and interpretation of electrochemical data. PLS: Electrochemical characterization and interpretation. MA: Conceptualization of the research work and supervision. DSB: Conceptualization, Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.

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Correspondence to M. Amalraj or D. S. Bhuvaneshwari.

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Ganesan, K., Hayagreevan, C., Jeevagan, A.J. et al. Candle soot derived carbon dots as potential corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel in HCl medium. J Appl Electrochem 54, 89–102 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-023-01941-9

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