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Novel Multi-Party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol with G-Like States and Bell States

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Abstract

A significant aspect of quantum cryptography is quantum key agreement (QKA), which ensures the security of key agreement protocols by quantum information theory. The fairness of an absolute security multi-party quantum key agreement (MQKA) protocol demands that all participants can affect the protocol result equally so as to establish a shared key and that nobody can determine the shared key by himself/herself. We found that it is difficult for the existing multi-party quantum key agreement protocol to withstand the collusion attacks. Put differently, it is possible for several cooperated and untruthful participants to determine the final key without being detected. To address this issue, based on the entanglement swap** between G-like state and Bell states, a new multi-party quantum key agreement protocol is put forward. The proposed protocol makes full use of EPR pairs as quantum resources, and adopts Bell measurement and unitary operation to share a secret key. Besides, the proposed protocol is fair, secure and efficient without involving a third party quantum center. It demonstrates that the protocol is capable of protecting users’ privacy and meeting the requirement of fairness. Moreover, it is feasible to carry out the protocol with existing technologies.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61561033), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (Grant No. 20171BAB202002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Shi-Qi Min

  2. Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Hua-Ying Chen

  3. Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Li-Hua Gong

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  1. Shi-Qi Min
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  2. Hua-Ying Chen
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  3. Li-Hua Gong
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Correspondence to Li-Hua Gong.

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Min, SQ., Chen, HY. & Gong, LH. Novel Multi-Party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol with G-Like States and Bell States. Int J Theor Phys 57, 1811–1822 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-018-3706-6

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