Abstract
Community dynamics within microbial mat assemblages are complex, likely involving intricate metabolic linkages. Interactions between microbes shape these communities, particularly in extreme habitats such as those found in the Middle Island Sinkhole (MIS), Lake Huron. Herein, euxinic waters resemble early-Earth ocean conditions, and diverse microbial groups form benthic mats. The goal of this study was to examine interspecific relationships among culturable cyanobacteria (two strains of Anagnostidinema) and diatoms (Craticula cuspidata and Nitzschia palea) isolated from MIS mats in a co-culture factorial experiment. Although most crosses showed limited interactions, a significant increase in abundance of one Anagnostidinema strain was found when grown with Craticula cuspidata compared to other taxa (P < 0.0001). Nitzschia palea growth was significantly reduced when grown with either strain of cyanobacteria (P = 0.0040). Addition of both cells and filtrates from C. cuspidata cultures caused increases in Anagnostidinema percent cover. Unique metabolic capabilities of C. cuspidata may benefit some cyanobacteria, and cyanobacteria may inhibit N. palea growth via interference competition. These interactions may be masked in the mat community in situ by environmental factors or other interspecific interactions, or allow species to survive in low abundance in an otherwise unfavorable habitat.
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Data availability
Raw count data for this project can found in supplemental information file S1.csv and S2.csv.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the NOAA Thunder Bay Marine Sanctuary (Alpena, MI) for enabling sinkhole sampling efforts that included vessel and dive support. Funding was provided by National Science Foundation grants (#OCE2046958 and #OCE2045972) to BAB, SEH, and DAC, a NASA Michigan Space Grant Consortium (NASA grant #NNX15AJ20H) to SEH, a GVSU Presidential Grant to DDF, and GVSU Annis Water Resources Institute Graduate Assistantship funding to DDF.
Funding
Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. OCE2046958, OCE2046958, OCE2045972), Michigan Space Grant Consortium (Grant No. NNX15AJ20H), Grand Valley State University.
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Davis D. Fray: Conceptualization (equal); data curation (equal); formal analysis (equal); funding acquisition (supporting); investigation (equal); methodology (equal); project administration (equal); resources (supporting); software (equal); validation (equal); visualization (equal); writing—original draft (lead); writing—reviewing and editing (equal). Dale A. Casamatta: Conceptualization (equal); data curation (equal); formal analysis (equal); funding acquisition (equal); investigation (equal); methodology (equal); project administration (equal); resources (equal); software (equal); supervision (equal); validation (equal); visualization (equal); writing—original draft (equal); writing—reviewing and editing (equal). Ryan Ruppert: Conceptualization (equal); data curation (equal); formal analysis (equal); investigation (equal); methodology (equal); visualization (equal); writing—original draft (equal); writing—reviewing and editing (equal). Sofia Martinez Martinez: Conceptualization (equal); data curation (equal); formal analysis (equal); investigation (equal); methodology (equal); writing—original draft (equal); writing—reviewing and editing (equal). Callahan A. McGovern: Conceptualization (equal); data curation (equal); formal analysis (equal); investigation (equal); methodology (equal); project administration (equal); software (equal); validation (equal); visualization (equal); writing—original draft (equal); writing—reviewing and editing (equal). Bopaiah A. Biddanda: Conceptualization (equal); data curation (equal); formal analysis (equal); funding acquisition (equal); investigation (equal); methodology (equal); project administration (equal); resources (equal); software (equal); supervision (equal); validation (equal); visualization (equal); writing—original draft (equal); writing—reviewing and editing (equal). Sarah E. Hamsher Conceptualization (equal); data curation (equal); formal analysis (equal); funding acquisition (equal); investigation (equal); methodology (equal); project administration (equal); resources (equal); software (equal); supervision (lead); validation (equal); visualization (equal); writing—original draft (equal); writing—reviewing and editing (equal).
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Fray, D.D., Casamatta, D.A., Ruppert, R. et al. Friends and foes: competition experiments reveal growth facilitation and interference between cyanobacteria and diatom strains in microbial mats. Hydrobiologia (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-024-05635-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-024-05635-x