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Co** Strategies of the Farming Communities in the Indian Sundarbans Region to Adapt with Frequent Extreme Weather Events

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Abstract

Frequent extreme weather events result in substantial economic losses for farming communities, posing a significant threat to the livelihood security of smallholder farmers in the Sundarbans region of India. Various agricultural enterprises in this area are continually at risk due to saline water intrusion, crop damage from heavy rainfall, and flooding. We examine the strategies farmers have adopted to sustain their livelihoods in the face of these extreme weather events. We collected primary data from a randomly selected sample of 1,200 farmers across six blocks in the Sundarbans region, focussing on farm households engaged in diverse agricultural enterprises, including field crop cultivation, livestock rearing, and fish farming. We used the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to prioritize the co** mechanisms adopted by these farming communities. The assessment of co** mechanisms was based on four criteria: ease of implementation, cost, effectiveness, and durability for long-term application. Effectiveness got the highest weights of 0.492 followed by the durability of the co** strategy weights of 0.309. Co** mechanisms pertaining to managing soil health against soil salinity, raising livestock and fish species as well as cultivating field crops were identified and prioritized according to their perceived efficacy against extreme weather events. Our results can inform the formulation of robust and sustainable development policies for agricultural and allied sectors in the Indian Sundarbans.

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Availability of Data and Materials

The datasets generated during the study are not available in public domain to protect the interests of the farmers involved in the study. The data may be shared by the corresponding author on logical request.

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Funding

The data for the study were collected through the financial assistance of the Indian Council of Social Science Research and the Ministry of Education, Government of India-funded project. Data analysis and interpretation were made possible through the NAHEP project of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, ERS, Kalyani, India

    Asif Mohammad, Tapas Kumar Dutta, Champak Bhakat & Anupam Chatterjee

  2. Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Nueng, Thailand

    Mokbul Morshed Ahmad

  3. ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad, India

    Sheikh Mohammad Feroze

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Asif Mohammad, Tapas Kumar Dutta, Champak Bhakat and Anupam Chatterjee analysed the data. Asif Mohammad, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad and Sheikh Mohammad Feroze wrote the main manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Mohammad, A., Ahmad, M.M., Feroze, S.M. et al. Co** Strategies of the Farming Communities in the Indian Sundarbans Region to Adapt with Frequent Extreme Weather Events. Hum Ecol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-024-00522-4

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