Abstract
Relied on the tunnel engineering in the karst area of Dalian Metro Line 5, the indoor model test was designed and carried out based on the similarity theory. The inversion analysis was carried out through the test data. The engineering data of subway construction in coastal areas and the karst geological conditions in Dalian area were counted. The range of the width of the stratum settlement trough caused by shield tunnel construction in Dalian area was proposed. Based on the principle of similar soil loss, the linear relationship and its influence parameters between Smax,0/Smax,z and (1 − Hz/h) were deduced. The influence of cave size and roof thickness on ground settlement was analyzed. Based on the multiple linear regression method, the prediction formula of the maximum ground settlement caused by shield excavation under the condition of hidden karst cave was established, and the applicable scope was given. Furthermore, an example was given to verify the results. The contents of this paper can provide reference for similar projects.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig2_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig4_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig9_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig10_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig11_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10706-022-02136-3/MediaObjects/10706_2022_2136_Fig12_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
Its actually available.
Code Availability
Not applicable.
References
Ding J, Zhang S, Zhang H, Guo C, Liao Z, Huigang L (2021) Ground settlement caused by shield tunneling in soil-rock composite strata. J Perform Constr Facil. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2019.12.003
Gang WEI (2009) Prediction of ground deformation induced by shield tunneling construction. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 28(02):418–424. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2009.02.028
Gang WEI (2010) Selection and distribution of ground loss ratio induced by shield tunnel construction. Chin J Geotech Eng 32(9):1354–1361. https://doi.org/10.7666/d.y1235219
Gang WEI, Ri-qing XU (2005) Prediction of Longitudinal ground deformation due to tunnel construction with shield in soft soil. Chin J Geotech Eng 27(9):1077–1081. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.2005.09.020
Han X (2007) The analysis and prediction of tunnelling-induced building deformation. **’an University of Technology, **’an
Han K-H, Zhang C-P, Wang M-S (2014) Explicit analytical solutions for stress and displacement of surrounding rock in shallow tunnels. Chin J Geotech Eng. https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201412013
Loganathan N (1998) Analytical prediction for tunneling-induced ground movements in clays. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 124(9):846–856. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1998)124:9(846)
Mair RJ, Taylor RN, Bracegirdle A (1995) Subsurface settlement profiles above tunnels in clay. Géotechnique 45(2):361–362. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1995.45.2.361
Molins C, Arnau O (2011) Experimental and analytical study of the structural response of segmental tunnel linings based on an in situ loading test. part 1: test configuration and execution. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 26(6):764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2011.05.002
O’Reilly MP, New BM (1982a) Settlements above tunnels in the United Kingdom—their magnitude and prediction. IMM, London
Park KH (2005) Analytical solution for tunnelling-induced ground movement in clays. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 20(3):249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2004.08.009
Sagaseta C (1987) Analysis of undrained soil deformation due to ground loss. Géotechnique 37(3):301–320. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1987.37.3.301
Verruijt A (1998) Deformations of an elastic half plane with a circular cavity. Int J Solids Struct 35(21):2795–2804. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(97)00194-7
Wang H, ** H, Tu B, Zhang J (2017) Model test study on influence of ground settlement caused by shield tunnel construction in sand stratum. China Railw Sci 38(06):70–78. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-4632.2017.06.10
Xu Q-W, Zhu H-H, Liao S-M, Fu D-M, Yu N, Wang C-B (2006) Model experimental study on stratum adaptability of tunnel excavation with EPB shield machine in sandy stratum. Chin J Rock Mech Eng. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2006.z1.046
Yang XL, Wang JM (2011) Ground movement prediction for tunnels using simplified procedure. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 26(3):462–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2011.01.002
Yoshikoshi W, Watanabe O, Takagi N (1978) Prediction of ground settlements associated with shield tunnelling. Soils Found 18(4):47–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(80)91537-5
Zhang WG, Li HR, Wu CZ, Li YQ, Liu HL (2019) Soft computing approach for prediction of surface settlement induced by earth pressure balance shield tunneling. Undergr Space. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2019.12.003
Zhengxing W, Ranran W, Hao P (2014) Physical model study on subsurface settlement by tunnelling in sand. Chin Civil Eng J 47(05):133–139
Zhu CH, Li N (2017) Estimation and regularity analysis of maximal surface settlement induced by subway construction. Chin J Rock Mech Eng 36(S1):3543–3560. https://doi.org/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0651
Funding
Science Research Project of Liaoning Education Department (Jdl2020014); Natural Science Fund Project of Liaoning Province (2020-MS-271); science and Technology Research and Development Project of China Railway Seventh Bureau Group (18A02).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims: JZ, PS. Methodology: MX, HW. Experiment Validation: JZ, MX, MC, YX, PS. Formal analysis: PS, MC. Data Curation: JZ, MX. Writing—Original Draft: JZ. Writing—Review & Editing: YX, HW. Experimental visualization drawing: YX, MC.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
None.
Research involving humans and/or animal participants
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, J., Xu, M., Cui, M. et al. Prediction of Ground Subsidence Caused by Shield Tunnel Construction Under Hidden Karst Cave. Geotech Geol Eng 40, 3839–3850 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-022-02136-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-022-02136-3