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Genetic analysis of bud necrosis disease caused by groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

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Abstract

In the present study for the first-time genetics and nature of gene action for resistance to bud necrosis disease in tomato was deciphered based on mechanical sap inoculation under the environment-controlled glasshouse conditions with the pure culture of GBNV. To accomplish this study, two resistant (IIHR-2901 and IIHR-2953) and one susceptible parent (PKM-1) were used to generate F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 populations. Castle wright estimation suggested that the trait is governed by the single gene blocks in both the crosses. Chi-square estimation also indicated that the resistance to bud necrosis disease in the cross PKM-1 × IIHR‐2901 is controlled by one or two recessive genes while in the cross PKM-1 × IIHR‐2953, it was found to be governed by one or two dominant genes based on the segregation pattern observed in F2 generation. However, the results remain inconclusive, as the segregation in backcrosses was not behaving as expected for both the crosses. This showed that the classical Mendelian genetics and additive-dominance model were inadequate to explain the genetical mechanism of resistance to bud necrosis disease of tomato. It may be either due to the presence of modifiers in the background or may be due to the presence of epistatic interactions. Later, in this study presence of epistatic interaction was confirmed by the significance of scaling test in both the crosses. Estimates of six parameters [m, d, h, i, j and l] through generation mean analysis, suggested the preponderance of non-allelic interactions mostly of additive × dominance [j] type with negative signs in both the crosses and additive × additive [i] interaction with positive sign in the cross between PKM-1 × IIHR‐2953. Complementary type of epistasis has been observed for both the crosses as both the components viz., dominance [h] and dominance × dominance [l] were in similar direction. Hence, all the above results indicated that the improvement for resistance to bud necrosis disease could be possible through recombination breeding, hybridization followed by selection at later generations with more emphasis on selection between families and lines.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru and ICAR‐Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi for providing the infrastructural facility. First author is thankful to Department of Science and Technology (DST) for providing Junior Research Fellowship (JRF).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Vegetable Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India

    Amarjeet Kumar Rai, Avverahally Thammanna Sadashiva & Eguru Sreenivasa Rao

  2. Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Y. B. Basavaraj

  3. Division of Agricultural Statistics, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India

    Rangarajan Venugopalan

  4. Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India

    P. Nandeesha

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  1. Amarjeet Kumar Rai
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Contributions

ATS, ESR and BYB conceived and designed the experiments; AKR performed the experiments with assistance from ATS and BYB for phenoty**; RV for genetic analysis; NP for RT‐PCR; BYB for DAC‐ELISA. AKR and ATS wrote the manuscript. All the authors have discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Avverahally Thammanna Sadashiva.

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Rai, A.K., Sadashiva, A.T., Basavaraj, Y.B. et al. Genetic analysis of bud necrosis disease caused by groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Euphytica 216, 125 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02657-z

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