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Crop classification by using dual-pol SAR vegetation indices derived from Sentinel-1 SAR-C data

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Abstract

In the following study, an attempt is made for crop classification of rainy season through analyzing time-series Sentinel-1 SAR data of May 2020 to September 2020. The SVIDP index derived from dual-pol (VV and VH) bands consisting of NRPB (\({\sigma }^{0}{vh}_{ij}- {\sigma }^{0}{vv}_{ij}/{\sigma }^{0}{vh}_{ij}+ {\sigma }^{0}{vv}_{ij}\)), DPDD \({(\sigma }^{0}{vh}_{ij}+ {\sigma }^{0}{vv}_{ij})/ \surd 2\)), IDPDD (\({\sigma}^{0}{vv}_{(max)}- {\sigma }^{0}{vv}_{ij})+{\sigma }^{0}{vh}_{ij}/ \surd 2\)), and VDDPI \(({\sigma }^{0}{vh}_{ij}+{\sigma }^{0}{vv}_{ij}/ {\sigma }^{0}{vv}_{ij})\) ratios are utilized for discriminating inter-vegetative boundaries of crop pixels. This study was conducted near Karnal city region, Karnal district, Haryana, India. The Sentinel-1 data has the capability to penetrate thick cloud cover and provide high revisit frequency data for rain-fed crops. Obtained classification achieved higher accuracy in both RF (93.77%) and SVM (93.50%) classifiers. Obtained linear regression statistics of mean raster imagery reveals that IDPDD index is much sensitive to other crop which has highest standard deviations in σvh° and σvv° bands throughout the period, and high R2 with σvh° (0.70), VV (0.58), NRPB (0.693), and DPDD (0.697) indices. In contrast to this, IDPDD index has least correlation (< 0.289) with σvh°, σvv°, EVI 2, NRPB, and DPDD indices for water body which has smooth surface and lowest SAR backscattering with minimum standard deviations in the same period.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GIS Lab - Gurugram Node, Haryana Space Applications Centre (HARSAC), Hisar, Haryana, India

    Deeksha Mishra, Gunjan Pathak, Bhanu Pratap Singh,  Mohit, Parveen Sihag,  Rajeev & Sultan Singh

  2. Gurugram Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA), Gurugram, Haryana, India

    Kalyan Singh

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  1. Deeksha Mishra
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  2. Gunjan Pathak
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  3. Bhanu Pratap Singh
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  8. Sultan Singh
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Correspondence to Deeksha Mishra.

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Appendix

Appendix

Appendix 1 Temporal mean value of bands for land cover fields
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Appendix 2 Correlations matrix
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Mishra, D., Pathak, G., Singh, B.P. et al. Crop classification by using dual-pol SAR vegetation indices derived from Sentinel-1 SAR-C data. Environ Monit Assess 195, 115 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10591-x

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