Abstract
Adhesion of conductive components to fabrics is very important to the application of conductive fabrics obtained by coating. The falling off of the conductive coating in laundry process will result in deteriorating conductivity and unstable signal detection when they are used as wearable textile electrodes. In order to obtain conductive fabrics with excellent washing resistance, cotton fabrics were treated with 3-Mercaptopropytrimethoxysilane (MPTS) at different temperature, concentrations and time to introduce thiol groups, then silane modified cotton fabrics were coated with silver via electroless plating. The relationship between silane grafting ratio and electrical resistance was investigated, the results indicated that the silane grafting ratio should be in some range to obtain optimum conductivity of the fabrics. The electric resistance of the obtained fabrics was as low as 0.33 Ω/sq and remained 2.49 Ω/sq after undergoing up to 200 washing cycles. The excellent washability of as-prepared conductive fabrics enables the feasibility to be applied to wearable electronic products.
Graphic abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abou Taleb M, Mowafi S, El-Sayed H (2019) Facile development of electrically conductive comfortable fabrics using metal ions. J Ind Text. https://doi.org/10.1177/1528083719893713
Cai G, Xu Z, Yang M et al (2017) Functionalization of cotton fabrics through thermal reduction of graphene oxide. Appl Surf Sci 393:441–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.10.046
Es-haghi H, Mirabedini SM, Imani M et al (2014) Preparation and characterization of pre-silane modified ethyl cellulose-based microcapsules containing linseed oil. Colloid Surf A-Physicochem Eng Asp 447:71–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.01.021
Fathi B, Harirforoush M, Foruzanmehr M et al (2017) Effect of TEMPO oxidation of flax fibers on the grafting efficiency of silane coupling agents. J Mater Sci 52(17):10624–10636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1224-1
Fernandes S, Sadocco P, Aonso-Varona A et al (2013) Bioinspired antimicrobial and biocompatible bacterial cellulose membranes obtained by surface functionalization with aminoalkyl groups. ACS Appl Mater Inter 5(8):3290–3297. https://doi.org/10.1021/am400338n
Hwang B, Lund A, Tian Y et al (2020) Machine-Washable conductive silk yarns with a composite coating of Ag nanowires and PEDOT: PSS. ACS Appl Mater Inter 12(24):27537–27544. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c04316
Kwak W, Oh MH, Gong M (2015) Preparation of silver-coated cotton fabrics using silver carbamate via thermal reduction and their properties. Carbohyd Polym 115:317–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.070
Lee Y, Bae S, Hwang B et al (2019) Considerably improved water and oil washability of highly conductive stretchable fibers by chemical functionalization with fluorinated silane. J Mater Chem C 7(39):12297–12305. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc03944a
Li Q, Ran Z, Ding X et al (2019) Fabric circuit board connecting to flexible sensors or rigid components for wearable applications. Sensors 19(17):3745. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19173745
Li M, Huang R, Fu Z et al (2020) Multi-functional luminescent coating for wood fabric based on silica sol-gel approach. Polymers 13(1):127. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13010127
Lin F, Li W, Du X et al (2019) Electrically conductive silver/polyimide fabric composites fabricated by spray-assisted electroless plating. Appl Surf Sci 493:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.06.171
Liu H, Lee Y, Norsten TB et al (2013) In situ formation of anti-bacterial silver nanoparticles on cotton textiles. J Ind Text 44(2):198–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1528083713481833
Ma N, Wang S, Li H et al (2020) Direct fabrication of graphene oxide fiber by injection spinning for flexible and wearable electronics. J Mater Sci 55(26):12065–12081. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-04798-x
Makowski T, Svyntkivska M, Piorkowska E et al (2018) Conductive and superhydrophobic cotton fabric through pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate) assisted thermal reduction of graphene oxide and modification with methyltrichlorosilane. Cellulose 25(9):5377–5388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-018-1926-9
Mao Y, Wang W, Yu D (2018) Conductive, antibacterial, and electromagnetic shielding silver-plated cotton fabrics activated by dopamine. J Appl Polym Sci 135(42):46766. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.46766
Montazer M, Komeily Nia Z (2015) Conductive nylon fabric through in situ synthesis of nano-silver: preparation and characterization Mater. Sci Eng C-Mater Biol Appl 56:341–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2015.06.044
Mu S, Wu Z, Qi S et al (2010) Preparation of electrically conductive polyimide/silver composite fibers via in-situ surface treatment. Mater Lett 64(15):1668–1671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.05.005
Ojuroye O, Torah R, Beeby S (2019) Modified PDMS packaging of sensory e-textile circuit microsystems for improved robustness with washing. Microsyst Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-019-04455-7
Paquet O, Salon M, Zeno E et al (2012) Hydrolysis-condensation kinetics of 3-(2-amino-ethylamino)propyl-trimethoxysilane. Mater Sci Eng C-Mater Biol Appl 32(3):487–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2011.11.022
Pazokifard S, Mirabedini SM, Esfandeh M et al (2012) Silane grafting of TiO2 nanoparticles: dispersibility and photoactivity in aqueous solutions. Surf Interface Anal 44(1):41–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.3767
Qin H, Li J, He B et al (2018) Novel wearable electrodes based on conductive chitosan fabrics and their application in smart garments. Materials 11(3):370. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11030370
Rachini A, Le Troedec M, Peyratout C et al (2009) Comparison of the thermal degradation of natural, alkali-treated and silane-treated hemp fibers under air and an inert atmosphere. J Appl Polym Sci 112(1):226–234. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.29412
Robles E, Csóka L, Labidi J (2018) Effect of reaction conditions on the surface modification of cellulose nanofibrils with aminopropyl triethoxysilane. Coatings 8(4):139. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8040139
Solino-Fernandez D, Ding A, Bayro-Kaiser E et al (2019) Willingness to adopt wearable devices with behavioral and economic incentives by health insurance wellness programs: results of a US cross-sectional survey with multiple consumer health vignettes. BMC Public Health 19(1):1649. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7920-9
Tangsongcharoen W, Punyamoonwongsa P, Chaiyasat P (2018) High performance biocompatible cellulose-based microcapsules encapsulating gallic acid prepared by inverse microsuspension polymerization. Polym Int 68(4):714–723. https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.5757
Tian P, Guo Z (2017) Bioinspired silica-based superhydrophobic materials. Appl Surf Sci 426:1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.07.134
Uzun S, Seyedin S, Stoltzfus A et al (2019) Knittable and washable multifunctional MXene-coated cellulose yarns. Adv Funct Mater 29(45):1905015. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905015
Vajpayee M, Singh M, Ledwani L et al (2020) Investigation of antimicrobial activity of DBD air plasma-treated banana fabric coated with natural leaf extracts. ACS Omega 5(30):19034–19049. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c02380
Vasconcelos B, Vediappan K, Oliveira J et al (2018) Mechanically robust silver coatings prepared by electroless plating on thermoplastic polyurethane. Appl Surf Sci 443:39–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.02.229
Wang W, Li W, Gao C et al (2015) A novel preparation of silver-plated polyacrylonitrile fibers functionalized with antibacterial and electromagnetic shielding properties. Appl Surf Sci 342:120–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.01.188
Xu R, Wang W, Sun J et al (2019) A flexible, conductive and simple pressure sensor prepared by electroless silver plated polyester fabric. Colloid Surf A-Physicochem Eng Asp 578:123554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.096
Xue C, Wu Y, Guo X et al (2020) Superhydrophobic, flame-retardant and conductive cotton fabrics via layer-by-layer assembly of carbon nanotubes for flexible sensing electronics. Cellulose 27(6):3455–3468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03013-z
Yu D, Kang G, Tian W et al (2015) Preparation of conductive silk fabric with antibacterial properties by electroless silver plating. Appl Surf Sci 357:1157–1162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.09.074
Zaman SU, Tao X, Cochrane C et al (2020) Understanding the washing damage to textile ECG dry skin electrodes, embroidered and fabric-based; set up of equivalent laboratory tests. Sensors 20(5):1272. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20051272
Zhao J, Wu G, Wang P et al (2019) Mussel-inspired construction of multifunctional cotton fabric with superhydrophobicity, conductivity and antibacterial activity. Cellulose 26(11):6979–6993. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02553-3
Zhu H, Gao H, Zhao H et al (2020) Printable elastic silver nanowire-based conductor for washable electronic textiles. Nano Res 13(10):2879–2884. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2947-x
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2018A0303130100).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
LW and DH did experiments together; LW wrote the draft of paper; JL and LQ provided the idea and supervise the experiments; LQ and BH revised the draft of paper.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
No conflict of interest exist in the submission of the manuscript, and manuscript is approved by all authors for publications.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, L., He, D., Li, J. et al. Conductive cotton fabrics with ultrahigh washability by electroless silver plating after silane modification. Cellulose 28, 5881–5893 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-03882-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-03882-y