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Improving Post-Release Care Engagement for People Living with HIV Involved in the Criminal Justice System: A Systematic Review

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Abstract

Given sub-optimal HIV care outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH) post-release from incarceration, we systematically searched peer-reviewed literature (2010–2021) describing controlled trial interventions aimed at improving Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) adherence and care linkage following release from correctional facilities for PLWH. Of 392 studies, 16 (4%) met the inclusion criteria. All studies were conducted in the United States and involved some form of intensive case management. Trials that scored highest in terms of study quality provided cell phones for engagement, reported sustained viral load suppression as a measurable outcome to infer ART adherence, and measured longitudinal data collected for at least 3-to-6 months following release. The two trials that demonstrated improved HIV viral load suppression involved Peer Navigators, and incentivized undetectable viral load, respectively. Facilitating support for addictions and addressing other social and structural barriers to achieving optimal health is also of vital importance in bridging care gaps for PLWH.

Resumen

Debido a los resultados suboptimos en los cuidados de las personas que viven con VIH después de su liberación del encarcelamiento, nosotros realizamos una revisión sistemática de la literatura (2010–2021) que describe ensayos control de intervenciones para mejorar la adherencia a la terapia antiretrovirales (TAR) y el vinculo con la atención medica después de la liberación del encarcelamiento de las personas que viven con VIH. De los 392 estudios, 16 (4%) cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Todos los estudios fueron realizados en los Estados Unidos e incluyen alguna forma de cuidados con manejo intensivo. Los ensayos que tenían los puntajes mas altos en términos de calidad proveían teléfonos celulares para la vinculación, reportaban supresión de la carga viral sostenida como medida indirecta de adherencia al TAR, y han medido datos longitudinales por lo menos de tres a seis meses después de la liberación carcelaria. Los dos ensayos que demostraron mejora en la supresión de la carga viral del VIH involucraban a los pares navegadores e incentivaban la carga viral no detectable, respectivamente. Facilitando el soporte para la adicción y el entendimiento de otras barreras sociales y estructurales para alcanzar una salud optima, es de vital importancia para superar las brechas en la atención de las personas que viven con VIH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Medical Sciences. Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, University of Victoria, 713 Johnson street, Victoria, BC, V8W1M8, Canada

    Matthew Moher, Morgan Price & Christopher Fraser

  2. Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Margaret Erickson

  3. School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Simon Fraser University, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada

    Paleah Black

  4. Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, 320-5950, Canada

    Wendy V. Norman, Neora Pick & Ruth Elwood Martin

  5. BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608–1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Silvia Guillemi

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  1. Matthew Moher
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MM conceptualization, formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing—review & editing. MEwriting—review & editing. PB conceptualization, formal analysis. MP, CF, WVN conceptualization, review. SG, NP, EMR review.

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Moher, M., Erickson, M., Black, P. et al. Improving Post-Release Care Engagement for People Living with HIV Involved in the Criminal Justice System: A Systematic Review. AIDS Behav 26, 1607–1617 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03513-4

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