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Tuberculosis in Wild Pigs from Argentina

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Abstract

Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM), may infect wild and domestic mammals, including humans. Although cattle are the main hosts and spreaders of M. bovis, many wildlife hosts play an important role worldwide. In Argentina, wild boar and domestic pigs are considered important links in mammalian tuberculosis (mTB) transmission. The aim of this work was to investigate the presence of M. bovis in wild pigs from different regions of Argentina, to characterize isolates of M. bovis obtained, and to compare those with other previously found in vertebrate hosts. A total of 311 samples from wild pigs were obtained, and bacteriological culture, molecular identification and genoty** were performed, obtaining 63 isolates (34 MTC and 29 NTM). Twelve M. bovis spoligotypes were detected. Our findings suggest that wild pigs have a prominent role as reservoirs of mTB in Argentina, based on an estimated prevalence of 11.2 ± 1.8% (95% CI 8.0–14.8) for MTC and the frequency distribution of spoligotypes shared by cattle (75%), domestic pigs (58%) and wildlife (50%). Argentina has a typical scenario where cattle and pigs are farm-raised extensively, sharing the environment with wildlife, creating conditions for effective transmission of mTB in the wildlife–livestock–human interface.

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Data Availability

Raw data were generated at the School of Veterinary Science, University of Buenos Aires. Derived data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on request.

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Acknowledgements

SB, LFLS and MJZ are career members of CONICET. The authors are grateful to Mg. Jorge Hart from SENASA for the statistical information of bTB provided and also National Park administration (APN) for the cooperation.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, UBACyT, 200 201902 00309 BA; Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT) Proyectos de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (PICT) 2018-03784 and (PICT) 2018-599; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) (PD-E5 I103).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Chorroarín 280, 1427, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Soledad Barandiaran, María Jimena Marfil & Loredana Ponce

  2. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, CONICET/UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina

    Luciano Francisco La Sala

  3. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN) (UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Tandil, Argentina

    Agostina Tammone & Walter Ezequiel Condori

  4. Sede Viedma del Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Río Negro, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Viedma, Argentina

    Marina Winter & Sergio Abate

  5. Programa Restauración de ambientes y especies amenazadas, Fundación Rewilding Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ana Carolina Rosas

  6. Gestión Ambiental/Ecología, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Administración, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Bruno Carpinetti

  7. Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina

    María Soledad Serena

  8. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular IABIMO, UEDD INTA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Laura Camila Lozano Calderón & Martín José Zumárraga

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  1. Soledad Barandiaran
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  2. María Jimena Marfil
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  3. Luciano Francisco La Sala
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Correspondence to María Jimena Marfil.

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Barandiaran, S., Marfil, M.J., La Sala, L.F. et al. Tuberculosis in Wild Pigs from Argentina. EcoHealth 21, 71–82 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-024-01681-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-024-01681-y

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