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Calcium sustained release, pH changes and cell viability induced by chitosan-based pastes for apexification

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Abstract

We explored chitosan-based sustained release pastes for apexification. The study aimed to formulate chitosan-based pastes loaded with calcium hydroxide (CH) or with calcium chloride (CC), and to evaluate the sustained release of Ca2+ and pH changes in deionized water as well as the effect of the pastes on cell viability. The pastes were formulated by dissolution of the chitosan in 1% or 2% acetic acid (AAC) plus the addition of CH or CC, then were suspended in deionized water for 50 days; the released Ca(II) and pH were measured with an electrode probe. The effect of the pastes on viability of human dental pulp cells was evaluated with a MTS assay. The results showed that the pastes prepared with 1% and 2% AAC and loaded with CH released a 74.9% and a 76.1% of the Ca2+ content, respectively, while the pastes prepared with 1% and 2% AAC loaded with CC released a content of Ca2+ of 90.8% and 76.6%, respectively. A control paste (CH and polyethylene glycol) released a 95.4%; significant statistical differences were found between the percentage of the experimental pastes and the control. The CH-loaded pastes caused an alkaline pH at the starting of the study, but the pH became neutral at the ending. The pH of the CC-loaded pastes was neutral at the starting and was acid at the ending. The pastes no affected on the cell viability. The chitosan-based pastes showed a suitable sustained release profile and cytocompatibility.

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Acknowledgements

Juan Carlos Flores Arriaga was supported by CONACYT: Scholarship Number 334417. We thank to Professor Ernesto Acosta Sandoval for the editing of the language of the manuscript. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Unidad León, Río Blanco, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Juan Carlos Flores-Arriaga

  2. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

    Amaury de Jesús Pozos-Guillén, Omar González-Ortega & Diana María Escobar-García

  3. Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Zona Universitaria, Aguascalientes, Mexico

    David Masuoka-Ito & Bryan Iván Martín del Campo-Téllez

  4. Universidad Veracruzana, Región Orizaba-Córdoba, Río Blanco, Veracruz, Mexico

    Bernardino Isaac Cerda-Cristerna

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  1. Juan Carlos Flores-Arriaga
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  3. Omar González-Ortega
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Correspondence to Bernardino Isaac Cerda-Cristerna.

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Flores-Arriaga, J.C., Pozos-Guillén, A.d.J., González-Ortega, O. et al. Calcium sustained release, pH changes and cell viability induced by chitosan-based pastes for apexification. Odontology 107, 223–230 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-018-0389-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-018-0389-7

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