Abstract
Cancer invasion and migration play a pivotal role in tumor malignancy, which is a major cause of most cancer deaths. Rotating magnetic field (RMF), one of the typical dynamic magnetic fields, can exert substantial mechanical influence on cells. However, studying the effects of RMF on cell is challenging due to its complex parameters, such as variation of magnetic field intensity and direction. Here, we developed a systematic simulation method to explore the influence of RMF on tumor invasion and migration, including a finite element method (FEM) model and a cell-based hybrid numerical model. Coupling with the data of magnetic field from FEM, the cell-based hybrid numerical model was established to simulate the tumor cell invasion and migration. This model employed partial differential equations (PDEs) and finite difference method to depict cellular activities and solve these equations in a discrete system. PDEs were used to depict cell activities, and finite difference method was used to solve the equations in discrete system. As a result, this study provides valuable insights into the potential applications of RMF in tumor treatment, and a series of in vitro experiments were performed to verify the simulation results, demonstrating the model's reliability and its capacity to predict experimental outcomes and identify pertinent factors. Furthermore, these findings shed new light on the mechanical and chemical interplay between cells and the ECM, offering new insights and providing a novel foundation for both experimental and theoretical advancements in tumor treatment by using RMF.
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant Nos. 52177226, 82172063]; Shaanxi Provincial Key R&D Program [grant No. 2024SF-YBXM-412]; Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [grant No. 22024A1515011183]; the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi [grant No. 2023-JC-QN-0655]; and the Undergraduate Training Programs for Innovation and Entrepreneurship [grant Nos. S202010699078, S202210699177, 202310699045].
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Conceptualization: [SZ], [GZ], [CZ], [DY]; Methodology: [SZ], [TY]; Formal analysis and investigation: [SZ], [TY], [GZ]; Writing—original draft preparation: [SZ]; Writing—review and editing: [CZ]; Funding acquisition: [CZ]; Resources: [MC]; Supervision: [CZ], [DY].
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Shilong Zhang, Tongyao Yu contributed equally to this work.
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Zhang, S., Yu, T., Zhang, G. et al. Systematic simulation of tumor cell invasion and migration in response to time-varying rotating magnetic field. Biomech Model Mechanobiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-024-01858-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-024-01858-y