Abstract
We present a ring-opening polymerization of bridged cyclic lactone utilizing alcohol as the initiator and organic base as the catalyst. Bridged γ-butyrolactone monomers (PhSGBL and PhSeGBL) were synthesized efficiently from commercially available 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid. Due to the ring strain of the bridged structure, ring-opening polymerization of this type of γ-butyrolactone derivative was successfully carried out under mild conditions, e.g., using ethylene glycol as the initiator and a commercial catalyst [1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0 dec-5-ene (TBD)] as the catalyst at 30 °C. The obtained polymer could be degraded to its monomer for recycling in the presence of ZnCl2 as a catalyst. PhSGBL and PhSeGBL could also be copolymerized with ε-caprolactone to tune the glass transition temperature. Additionally, the hydrophilicity of the obtained sulfur-containing polymers could be adjusted by selectively oxidizing the thioether side group to sulfone/sulfoxide, which offered a way to tune the hydrophilicity of polyester. On the other hand, the obtained selenium-containing compound could be degraded in the presence of m-CPBA (3-chloroperbenzoic acid), which offered potential application in sustained drug release.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lecomte, P.; Jérôme, C. Recent developments in ring-opening polymerization of lactones. Adv. Polym. Sci. 2011, 245, 173–217.
Tardy, A.; Nicolas, J.; Gigmes, D.; Lefay, C.; Guillaneuf, Y. Radical ring-opening polymerization: scope, limitations, and application to (bio)degradable materials. Chem. Rev. 2017, 117, 1319–1406.
Hillmyer, M. A.; Tolman, W. B. Aliphatic polyester block polymers: renewable, degradable, and sustainable. Acc. Chem. Res. 2014, 47, 2390–6.
Bozell, J. J.; Petersen, G. R. Technology development for the production of biobased products from biorefinery carbohydrates—the US Department of Energy’s “Top 10” revisited. Green Chem. 2010, 12, 539–554.
Zhang, L. J.; Deng, X. X.; Du, F. S.; Li, Z. C. Chemical synthesis of functional poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) with controlled degradation via intramolecular cyclization. Macromolecules 2013, 46, 9554–9562.
Houk, K. N.; Jabbarim, A.; Hall, H. K.; Alemán, C. Why δ-valerolactone polymerizes and γ-butyrolactone does not. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 2674–2678.
Hong, M.; Chen, E. Y. Completely recyclable biopolymers with linear and cyclic topologies via ring-opening polymerization of gamma-butyrolactone. Nat. Chem. 2016, 8, 42–49.
Hong, M.; Chen, E. Y. X. Towards truly sustainable polymers: a metal-free recyclable polyester from biorenewable non-strained γ-butyrolactone. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 4188–4193.
Zhao, N.; Ren, C.; Li, H.; Li, Y.; Liu, S.; Li, Z. Selective ring-opening polymerization of non-strained γ-butyrolactone catalyzed by a cyclic trimeric phosphazene base. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 12987–12990.
Zhang, C. J.; Hu, L. F.; Wu, H. L.; Cao, X. H.; Zhang, X. H. Dual organocatalysts for highly active and selective synthesis of linear poly(γ-butyrolactone)s with high molecular weights. Macromolecules 2018, 51, 8705–8711.
Li, Y. Y.; **ng, D.; Pan, X. Q.; Zhu, J. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of selenium-functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone). Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2022, 40, 67–74.
Lin, L.; Han, D.; Qin, J.; Wang, S.; **ao, M.; Sun, L.; Meng, Y. Nonstrained γ-butyrolactone to high-molecular-weight poly(γ-butyrolactone): facile bulk polymerization using economical ureas/alkoxides. Macromolecules 2018, 51, 9317–9322.
Liu, S.; Ren, C.; Zhao, N.; Shen, Y.; Li, Z. Phosphazene bases as organocatalysts for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2018, 39, 1800485.
Zhu, J. B.; Watson, E. M.; Tang, J.; Chen, E. Y. X. A synthetic polymer system with repeatable chemical recyclability. Science 2018, 360, 398–403.
Shi, C.; Reilly, L. T.; Phani Kumar, V. S.; Coile, M. W.; Nicholson, S. R.; Broadbelt, L. J.; Beckham, G. T.; Chen, E. Y. X. Design principles for intrinsically circular polymers with tunable properties. Chem 2021, 7, 2896–2912.
Liu, Y.; Wu, J.; Hu, X.; Zhu, N.; Guo, K. Advances, challenges, and opportunities of poly(γ-butyrolactone)-based recyclable polymers. ACS Macro Lett. 2021, 10, 284–296.
Walther, P.; Frey, W.; Naumann, S. Polarized olefins as enabling (co)catalysts for the polymerization of γ-butyrolactone. Polym. Chem. 2018, 9, 3674–3683.
Puchelle, V.; Latreyte, Y.; Girardot, M.; Garnotel, L.; Levesque, L.; Coutelier, O.; Destarac, M.; Guégan, P.; Illy, N. Functional poly(ester-alt-sulfide)s synthesized by organo-catalyzed anionic ring-opening alternating copolymerization of oxiranes and γ-thiobutyrolactones. Macromolecules 2020, 53, 5188–5198.
Shi, C.; Clarke, R. W.; McGraw, M. L.; Chen, E. Y. X. Closing the “one monomer-two polymers-one monomer” loop via orthogonal (de)polymerization of a lactone/olefin hybrid. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144, 2264–2275.
Shi, C.; Li, Z. C.; Caporaso, L.; Cavallo, L.; Falivene, L.; Chen, E. Y. X. Hybrid monomer design for unifying conflicting polymerizability, recyclability, and performance properties. Chem 2021, 7, 670–685.
Nicolaou, K. C. Organoselenium-induced cyclizations in organic synthesis. Tetrahedron 1981, 37, 4097–4109.
McCune, C. D.; Beio, M. L.; Sturdivant, J. M.; de la Salud-Bea, R.; Darnell, B. M.; Berkowitz, D. B. Synthesis and deployment of an elusive fluorovinyl cation equivalent: access to quaternary α-(1′-fluoro)vinyl amino acids as potential PLP enzyme inactivators. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 14077–14089.
Jaffredo, C. G.; Carpentier, J. F.; Guillaume, S. M. Organocatalyzed controlled ROP of β-lactones towards poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s: from β-butyrolactone to benzyl β-malolactone polymers. Polym. Chem. 2013, 4, 3837.
Jaffredo, C. G.; Carpentier, J. F.; Guillaume, S. M. Poly(hydroxyalkanoate) block or random copolymers of β-butyrolactone and benzyl β-malolactone: a matter of catalytic tuning. Macromolecules 2013, 46, 6765–6776.
Pascual, A.; Sardón, H.; Ruipérez, F.; Gracia, R.; Sudam, P.; Veloso, A.; Mecerreyes, D. Experimental and computational studies of ring-opening polymerization of ethylene brassylate macrolactone and copolymerization with ε-caprolactone and TBD-guanidine organic catalyst. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 552–561.
Nsengiyumva, O.; Miller, S. A. Synthesis, characterization, and water-degradation of biorenewable polyesters derived from natural camphoric acid. Green Chem. 2019, 21, 973–978.
Häußler, M.; Eck, M.; Rothauer, D.; Mecking, S. Closed-loop recycling of polyethylene-like materials. Nature 2021, 590, 423–427.
De Hoe, G. X.; Zumstein, M. T.; Tiegs, B. J.; Brutman, J. P.; McNeill, K.; Sander, M.; Coates, G. W.; Hillmyer, M. A. Sustainable polyester elastomers from lactones: synthesis, properties, and enzymatic hydrolyzability. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 963–973.
Peponi, L.; Sessini, V.; Arrieta, M. P.; Navarro-Baena, I.; Sonseca, A.; Dominici, F.; Gimenez, E.; Torre, L.; Tercjak, A.; Lopez, D.; Kenny, J. M. Thermally-activated shape memory effect on biodegradable nanocomposites based on PLA/PCL blend reinforced with hydroxyapatite. Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 2018, 151, 36–51.
Vollmer, I.; Jenks, M. J. F.; Roelands, M. C. P.; White, R. J.; van Harmelen, T.; de Wild, P.; van der Laan, G. P.; Meirer, F.; Keurentjes, J. T. F.; Weckhuysen, B. M. Beyond mechanical recycling: giving new life to plastic waste. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 15402–15423.
Hedir, G. G.; Bell, C. A.; O’Reilly, R. K.; Dove, A. P. Functional degradable polymers by radical ring-opening copolymerization of MDO and vinyl bromobutanoate: synthesis, degradability and post-polymerization modification. Biomacromolecules 2015, 16, 2049–2058.
H.A. Leiper, I. C. M. Degradation studies of some polyesters and polycarbonates—2. Polylactide: degradation under isothermal conditions, thermal degradation mechanism and photolysis of the polymer. Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 1985, 11, 309–326.
Liu, Y. H.; Yuan, X.; Wu, J. Q.; Luo, M. X.; Hu, X.; Zhu, N.; Guo, K. Fully chemical recyclable poly(γ-butyrolactone)-based copolymers with tunable structures and properties. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2022, 40, 456–461.
Wu, J. a.; Ding, C.; **ng, D.; Zhang, Z.; Huang, X.; Zhu, X.; Pan, X.; Zhu, J. The functionalization of poly(ε-caprolactone) as a versatile platform using ε-(α-phenylseleno) caprolactone as a monomer. Polym. Chem. 2019, 10, 3851–3858.
Mir, A. A.; Wagner, S.; Krämer, R. H.; Deglmann, P.; Emrick, T. Deoxybenzoin-containing polysulfones and polysulfoxides: synthesis and thermal properties. Polymer 2016, 84, 59–64.
Chen, S.; Guo, J.; Zhang, B.; Zhang, S.; Gong, Y.; Gong, X. Hydrophilic modified polyester based on waste PET bottles. AATCC J. Res. 2018, 5, 15–20.
Mancini, S. D. M., Itley G.; Almeida, Rômulo F. Determinação da Variação da Viscosidade Intrínseca do Poli (Tereftalato de Etileno) de Embalagens. Polymers 2004, 14, 69–73.
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFB3704905), and the Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
The authors declare no interest conflict.
Electronic Supplementary Information
10118_2023_2994_MOESM1_ESM.pdf
Synthesis of Sulfur/Selenium-containing Polyester with Recyclability and Controllable Hydrophilicity and Glass Transition Temperature
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, WJ., Pan, XQ., Zhu, J. et al. Synthesis of Sulfur/Selenium-containing Polyester with Recyclability and Controllable Hydrophilicity and Glass Transition Temperature. Chin J Polym Sci 41, 1836–1845 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-023-2994-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-023-2994-3