Abstract
High-performance dielectric polymer composites have received increasing attention due to their important applications in the field of energy storage. The rational structural design of hybrid fillers can lead to a balance between high dielectric constant and insulation in composites. In this work, novel hybrid fillers were fabricated by in situ synthesizing one-dimensional polypyrrole nanowires (PPynws) on the two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), which integrated the good ion polarization ability of PPynws and the high insulation and adjustable band gap of MoS2. Compared with the binary poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/MoS2 composites, the PVDF/MoS2-PPynws composites exhibited remarkably improved dielectric constant and breakdown strength, while the dielectric loss was still maintained at a low level. An optimal ternary composite with 1 wt% MoS2-PPynws showed a high dielectric constant (15@1kHz), suppressed dielectric loss (0.027@1kHz), and high breakdown strength (422.1 MV/m). PPynws inducing strong interfacial polarization and the highly insulated MoS2 nanosheets extending the breakdown path mainly contributed to the synchronously enhanced dielectric constant and breakdown strength. This intriguing synthesis method of PVDF/MoS2-PPynws nanocomposite will open up new opportunities for fabricating nanostructured polymer composites to produce high dielectric materials.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Tugui, C.; Ursu, C.; Sacarescu, L.; Asandulesa, M.; Stoian, G.; Ababei, G.; Cazacu, M. Stretchable energy harvesting devices: attempts to produce high-performance electrodes. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2017, 5, 7851–7858.
Wi, D.; Kim, J.; Lee, H.; Kang, N. G.; Lee, J.; Kim, M. J.; Lee, J. S.; Ree, M. Finely tuned digital memory modes and performances in diblock copolymer devices by well-defined lamellar structure formation and orientation control. J. Mater. Chem. C 2016, 4, 2017–2027.
Gao, L.; Yang, Y.; **e, J.; Zhang, S.; Hu, J.; Zeng, R.; He, J.; Li, Q.; Wang, Q. Autonomous self-healing of electrical degradation in dielectric polymers using in situ electroluminescence. Matter 2020, 2, 451–463.
Han, C.; Zhang, X.; Chen, D.; Ma, Y.; Zhao, C.; Yang, W. Enhanced dielectric properties of sandwich-structured biaxially oriented polypropylene by grafting hyper-branched aromatic polyamide as surface layers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48990.
Wang, S.; He, X.; Chen, Q.; Chen, Y.; He, W.; Zhou, G.; Zhang, H.; **, X.; Su, X. Graphene-coated copper calcium titanate to improve dielectric performance of PPO-based composite. Mater. Lett. 2018, 233, 355–358.
Yang, J.; Yang, X.; Pu, Z.; Chen, L.; Liu, X. Controllable high dielectric permittivity of poly(arylene ether nitriles)/copper phthalocyanine functional nanohybrid films via chemical interaction. Mater. Lett. 2013, 93, 199–202.
Feng, Y.; Chen, P.; Zhu, Q.; Qin, B.; Li, Y.; Deng, Q.; Li, X.; Li, X.; Peng, C. Boron nitride nanosheet-induced low dielectric loss and conductivity in PVDF-based high-k ternary composites bearing ionic liquid. Mater. Today Commun. 2021, 26, 101896.
Qiao, R.; Xu, H.; Chen, S.; Chen, S.; Luo, H.; Zhang, D. n-Type semiconductive polymer and poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) blends for energy storage applications. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2021, 3, 879–887.
Kruželák, J.; Kvasničáková, A.; Hložeková, K.; Hudec, I. Progress in polymers and polymer composites used as efficient materials for EMI shielding. Nanoscale Adv. 2021, 3, 123–172.
Wang, R.; **e, C.; Luo, S.; Xu, H.; Gou, B.; Zhou, J.; Yang, H. Sandwich-structured polymer composites with core-shell structure BaTiO3@SiO2@PDA significantly enhanced breakdown strength and energy density for a high-power capacitor. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2021, 4, 6135–6145.
Gao, W.; Yao, M.; Yao, X. Achieving ultrahigh breakdown strength and energy storage performance through periodic interface modification in SrTiO3 thin film. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 28745–28753.
Xu, Y.; Guo, Y.; Liu, Q.; Yin, Y.; Bai, J.; Lin, L.; Tian, J.; Tian, Y. Enhanced energy density in Mn-doped (1-x)AgNbO3-xCaTiO3 lead-free antiferroelectric ceramics. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 821, 153260.
Yang, C.; **e, X.; Lu, Y.; Qi, X. D.; Lei, Y. Z.; Yang, J. H.; Wang, Y. Improving the performance of dielectric nanocomposites by utilizing highly conductive rigid core and extremely low loss shell. J. Phys. Chem. C 2020, 124, 12883–12896.
Chi, P. W.; Wei, D. H. Dielectric enhancement with low dielectric loss in textured ZnO films inserted with NiFe. J. Mater. Chem. C 2017, 5, 1394–1401.
Meng, Q.; Li, Z.; Zhu, Y.; Feng, D.; Tan, H. Mechanical and X-band dielectric properties of vitrified bonded SiC composites. Mater. Des. 2016, 92, 18–22.
Wu, W.; Huang, X.; Li, S.; Jiang, P.; Toshikatsu, T. Novel three-dimensional zinc oxide superstructures for high dielectric constant polymer composites capable of withstanding high electric field. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 24887–24895.
Jia, Q.; Huang, X.; Wang, G.; Diao, J.; Jiang, P. MoS2 nanosheet superstructures based polymer composites for high-dielectric and electrical energy storage applications. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016, 120, 10206–10214.
Maity, N.; Mandal, A.; Nandi, A. K. High dielectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposite films with MoS2 using polyaniline interlinker via interfacial interaction. J. Mater. Chem. C 2017, 5, 12121–12133.
Chen, H.; Li, X.; Yu, W.; Wang, J.; Shi, Z.; **ong, C.; Yang, Q. Chitin/MoS2 nanosheet dielectric composite films with significantly enhanced discharge energy density and efficiency. Biomacromolecules 2020, 21, 2929–2937.
Feng, M.; Li, C.; He, M.; Huang, Y.; Luo, J. Poly(arylene ether nitrile) ternary dielectric composites modulated via polydopamine-assisted BaTiO3 decorating MoS2 sheets. Ceram. Int. 2020, 46, 19181–19190.
Tahalyani, J.; Rahangdale, K. K.; K, B. The dielectric properties and charge transport mechanism of π-conjugated segments decorated with intrinsic conducting polymer. RSC Adv. 2016, 6, 69733–69742.
Palsaniya, S.; Nemade, H. B.; Dasmahapatra, A. K. Graphene based PANI/MnO2 nanocomposites with enhanced dielectric properties for high energy density materials. Carbon 2019, 150, 179–190.
Liu, J.; Tian, C.; **ong, J.; Gao, B.; Dong, S.; Wang, L. Polypyrrole vapor phase polymerization on PVDF membrane surface for conductive membrane preparation and fouling mitigation. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2017, 93, 683–689.
Ogurtsov, N. A.; Bliznyuk, V. N.; Mamykin, A. V.; Kukla, O. L.; Piryatinski, Y. P.; Pud, A. A. Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(3-methylthiophene) core-shell nanocomposites with improved structural and electronic properties of the conducting polymer component. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2018, 20, 6450–6461.
Zhang, L.; Lu, X.; Zhang, X.; **, L.; Xu, Z.; Cheng, Z. Y. All-organic dielectric nanocomposites using conducting polypyrrole nanoclips as filler. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2018, 167, 285–293.
Raghunathan, S. P.; Narayanan, S.; Poulose, A. C.; Joseph, R. Flexible regenerated cellulose/polypyrrole composite films with enhanced dielectric properties. Carbohydr. Polym. 2017, 157, 1024–1032.
Chen, L.; Yan, L.; Guo, Y.; Liu, H. C.; Huang, H.; Lin, H. L.; Bian, J.; Lu, Y. Chemically functionalized multi-walled CNTs induced phase behaviors of poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposites and its dielectric properties. Synth. Met. 2020, 269, 116268.
Chen, S.; Chen, S.; Qiao, R.; Xu, H.; Liu, Z.; Luo, H.; Zhang, D. Enhanced dielectric constant of PVDF-based nanocomposites with one-dimensional core-shell polypyrrole/sepiolite nanofibers. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2021, 145, 106384.
Pan, X. R.; Wang, M.; Qi, X. D.; Zhang, N.; Huang, T.; Yang, J. H.; Wang, Y. Fabrication of sandwich-structured PPy/MoS2/PPy nanosheets for polymer composites with high dielectric constant, low loss and high breakdown strength. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2020, 137, 106032.
Wu, Q. F.; He, K. X.; Mi, H. Y.; Zhang, X. G. Electrochemical capacitance of polypyrrole nanowire prepared by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as soft template. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2007, 101, 367–371.
O’Neill, A.; Khan, U.; Coleman, J. N. Preparation of high concentration dispersions of exfoliated MoS2 with increased flake size. Chem. Mater. 2012, 24, 2414–2421.
Zhang, X.; Shen, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Gu, L.; Hu, Y.; Du, J.; Lin, Y.; Nan, C. W. J. A. M. Ultrahigh energy density of polymer nanocomposites containing BaTiO3@TiO2 nanofibers by atomic-scale interface engineering. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 819–824.
Wang, Y.; Wang, L.; Yuan, Q.; Chen, J.; Niu, Y.; Xu, X.; Cheng, Y.; Yao, B.; Wang, Q.; Wang, H. Ultrahigh energy density and greatly enhanced discharged efficiency of sandwich-structured polymer nanocomposites with optimized spatial organization. Nano Energy 2018, 44, 364–370.
Zhang, X.; Zhang, J.; Liu, Z.; Robinson, C. Inorganic/organic mesostructure directed synthesis of wire/ribbon-like polypyrrole nanostructures. Chem. Commun. 2004, 1852–1853.
Yekeen, N.; Padmanabhan, E.; Idris, A. K.; Ibad, S. M. Surfactant adsorption behaviors onto shale from Malaysian formations: Influence of silicon dioxide nanoparticles, surfactant type, temperature, salinity and shale lithology. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2019, 179, 841–854.
Quilty, C. D.; Housel, L. M.; Bock, D. C.; Dunkin, M. R.; Wang, L.; Lutz, D. M.; Abraham, A.; Bruck, A. M.; Takeuchi, E. S.; Takeuchi, K. J.; Marschilok, A. C. Ex situ and operando XRD and XAS analysis of MoS2: a lithiation study of bulk and nanosheet materials. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2019, 2, 7635–7646.
Wang, T.; Zhong, W.; Ning, X.; Wang, Y.; Yang, W. Facile route to hierarchical conducting polymer nanostructure: synthesis of layered polypyrrole network plates. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2009, 114, 3855–3862.
Li, X.; Liu, L.; Liu, T.; Zhang, D.; An, C.; Yang, F. An active electro-Fenton PVDF/SS/PPy cathode membrane can remove contaminant by filtration and mitigate fouling by pairing with sacrificial iron anode. J. Membr. Sci. 2020, 605, 118100.
Cai, K.; Hang, X.; Zhao, Y.; Zong, R.; Zeng, F.; Guo, D. A green route to a low cost anisotropic MoS2/poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposite with ultrahigh electroactive phase and improved electrical and mechanical properties. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2018, 6, 5043–5052.
**ng, C.; Zhao, L.; You, J.; Dong, W.; Cao, X.; Li, Y. Impact of ionic liquid-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the crystallization behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride). J. Phys. Chem. B 2012, 116, 8312–8320.
Fu, Y.; Wang, Y.; Wang, S.; Gao, Z.; **ong, C. Enhanced breakdown strength and energy storage of PVDF-based dielectric composites by incorporating exfoliated mica nanosheets. Polym. Compos. 2018, 40, 2088–2094.
Yang, J. H.; **e, X.; He, Z. Z.; Lu, Y.; Qi, X. D.; Wang, Y. Graphene oxide-tailored dispersion of hybrid barium titanate@polypyrrole particles and the dielectric composites. Chem. Eng. J. 2019, 355, 137–149.
**e, X.; Yang, C.; Qi, X. D.; Yang, J. H.; Zhou, Z. W.; Wang, Y. Constructing polymeric interlayer with dual effects toward high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss. Chem. Eng. J. 2019, 366, 378–389.
Li, H.; Yao, B.; Zhou, Y.; Xu, W.; Ren, L.; Ai, D.; Wang, Q. Bilayer-structured polymer nanocomposites exhibiting high breakdown strength and energy density via interfacial barrier design. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 8055–8063.
Zhu, Y.; Zhu, Y.; Huang, X.; Chen, J.; Li, Q.; He, J.; Jiang, P. High energy density polymer dielectrics interlayered by assembled boron nitride nanosheets. Adv. Energy Mater. 2019, 9, 1901826.
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51673159) and the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team of Sichuan Province of Functional Polymer Composites (No. 2021JDTD0009). SEM characterizations were supported by the Analytical and Testing Center of Southwest Jiaotong University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Notes
The authors declare no competing financial interest.
Electronic Supplementary Information
10118_2022_2693_MOESM1_ESM.pdf
Simultaneously Improved Dielectric Constant and Breakdown Strength of PVDF-based Composites with Polypyrrole Nanowire Encapsuled Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Luo, HB., Pan, XR., Yang, JH. et al. Simultaneously Improved Dielectric Constant and Breakdown Strength of PVDF-based Composites with Polypyrrole Nanowire Encapsuled Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets. Chin J Polym Sci 40, 515–525 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-022-2693-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-022-2693-5