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Dysfunction of CD27+IgD+ B cells correlates with aggravated systemic lupus erythematosus

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Abstract

Objective

The apoptotic signaling pathway is obviously disordered in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Natural IgM (nIgM) is important in clearing apoptotic cells and preventing them from triggering deleterious autoimmunity. B-1 and innate-like B (ILBs) cells are the main nIgM producers. Human CD27+IgD+ B cells (un-switched memory B cells) are considered ILBs. However, their functional properties in SLE remain undefined.

Methods

Peripheral blood sample of 50 SLE patients and 50 healthy controls were collected, and twelve SLE patients were assessed in a follow-up study. The amount of CD27+IgD+ B cell in each population was analyzed by flow cytometry. The IgM and IL-10 levels of CD27+IgD+ B cell were assessed by ELISPOT and qRT-PCR, respectively. SPSS 17.0 (SPSS, USA) was employed for data analysis. P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.

Result

The amounts of CD27+IgD+ B cell were significantly decreased in SLE patients than healthy control (P < 0.01). CD27+IgD+ B cell amounts were positively correlated with WBC (r = 0.337, P = 0.017), platelet count (r = 0.396, P = 0.004), and serum C3 levels (r = 0.415, P = 0.003) and negatively correlated with serum creatinine levels (r =  − 0.285, P = 0.045), SLEDAI(r =  − 0.724, P = 0.000), and anti-dsDNA(r =  − 0.477, P = 0.000). The IgM and IL-10 levels of CD27+IgD+ B in active SLE were decreased than healthy control (P < 0.001). Moreover, CD27+IgD+ B cells are increased in SLE cases after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The amounts of CD27+IgD+ B cell were significantly decreased in SLE patients compared with the healthy population, and CD27+IgD+ B cell was verified to be correlated with clinical and immunological features in SLE patients. CD27+IgD+ B cells had impaired function associated with IgM and IL-10 production in active SLE. Moreover, the amounts of CD27+IgD+ B cells were recovered to the normal level in SLE cases with treatment-related disease remission.

Key Points

• CD27+IgD+ B cell amounts are significantly decreased in SLE patients than healthy control.

• CD27+IgD+ B cells are functionally impaired in producing natural antibody-like IgM and IL-10 in SLE patients.

• CD27+IgD+ B cell amounts are correlated with clinical and immunological features in SLE.

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Funding

The present study was funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81860295), the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Plan Project (201802089, 2019GG052), and the Nature Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(2017MS0809, 2021MS08047).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, **’an Jiaotong University, **’an, China

    Wei Zhang & Ke Li

  2. Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Institute of Immunology and Rheumatology, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Baotou, 014010, China

    Wei Zhang, Yong-Fu Wang, Fu-Ai Lu & Tao Wu

  3. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital & Bei**g Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Bei**g, China

    Fan-Lei Hu

  4. State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Bei**g, China

    Fan-Lei Hu

  5. Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital Affiliated to Baotou Medical College, 41 Linyin Road, Baotou, 014010, China

    Yue-Lan Feng

Authors
  1. Wei Zhang
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  2. Yong-Fu Wang
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  3. Fan-Lei Hu
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  4. Fu-Ai Lu
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  5. Tao Wu
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  7. Ke Li
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Contributions

Study conception and design, Wei Zhang, Yong-Fu Wang, and Ke Li; experiments, Wei Zhang, Yue-Lan Feng, and Tao Wu; data analysis, Wei Zhang, Yong-Fu Wang, and Fan-Lei Hu; contribution with reagents, materials, and analytical tools, Wei Zhang, Yong-Fu Wang, and Fan-Lei Hu; manuscript writing, Wei Zhang; manuscript revision, Fan-Lei Hu and Ke Li.

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Correspondence to Ke Li.

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Zhang, W., Wang, YF., Hu, FL. et al. Dysfunction of CD27+IgD+ B cells correlates with aggravated systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 41, 1551–1559 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-022-06051-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-022-06051-z

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