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Expression of CILP-2 and DDR2 and ultrastructural changes in the articular cartilage of patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a pilot morphological study

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to correlate the immunohistochemical expression of cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP-2) and discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), and the ultrastructural changes in the cartilage with the degree of articular cartilage damage in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Cartilage samples were obtained from twenty patients aged from 46 to 68 years undergoing total knee arthroplasty. In each patient, medial and lateral tibial plateau samples were analysed applying OARSI histopathology grading. Positive correlation was noted between the extent of CILP-2 staining intensity and OARSI grades. Abundant staining for CILP-2 was found in the superficial and middle layers and in the pericellular matrix (PCM) of the deep zone. Transmission electron microscopy studies demonstrated strong damage of chondrocytes, the organelles were often diminished or focally aggregated. As a characteristic finding, PCM was frequently expanded, which may reflect a pathogenic step in OA progression. In conclusion, CILP-2 may potentially be a relevant marker of OA progression as its expression correlated better with cartilage damage than the known marker of articular cartilage damage, DDR2.

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Acknowledgements

We give special thanks to Prof Aare Märtson, Head of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Clinic, for conducting the collection of biopsies, and orthopaedic surgeons Eiki Strauss, Anna-Helena Kase, Jaan Laos, Mart Parv, Sigrid Paul, Egon Puuorg, Alo Rull, and Viktor Šapovalov for collection of biopsies during the TKR.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411, Tartu, Estonia

    Taavi Torga, Siim Suutre, Marina Aunapuu & Andres Arend

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 8, 50406, Tartu, Estonia

    Kalle Kisand

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Torga, T., Suutre, S., Kisand, K. et al. Expression of CILP-2 and DDR2 and ultrastructural changes in the articular cartilage of patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a pilot morphological study. Med Mol Morphol 56, 46–57 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00795-022-00339-4

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