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A novel dual-signal output strategy for POCT of CEA based on a smartphone electrochemical aptasensing platform

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Abstract

A smartphone-based electrochemical aptasensing platform was developed for the point-of-care testing (POCT) of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on the ferrocene (Fc) and PdPt@PCN-224 dual-signal labeled strategy. The prepared PdPt@PCN-224 nanocomposite showed a strong catalytic property for the reduction of H2O2. Phosphate group-labeled aptamer could capture PdPt@PCN-224 by Zr–O–P bonds to form PdPt@PCN-224-P-Apt. Therefore, a dual signal labeled probe was formed by the hybridization between Fc-DNA and PdPt@PCN-224-P-Apt. The presence of CEA forced PdPt@PCN-224-P-Apt to leave the electrode surface due to the specific affinity, leading to the decrease of the reduction current of H2O2. At the same time, the Fc-DNA strand changed to hairpin structure, which made Fc closer to the electrode and resulted in the increase of the oxidation current of Fc. Thus, CEA can be accurately determined through both signals: the decrease of H2O2 reduction current and the increase of Fc oxidation current, which could avoid the false positive signal. Under the optimal conditions, the prepared aptasensor exhibited a wide linear range from 1 pg·mL−1 to 100 ng·mL−1 and low detection limits of 0.98 pg·mL−1 and 0.27 pg·mL−1 with Fc and PdPt@PCN-224 as signal labels, respectively. The aptasensor developed in this study has successfully demonstrated its capability to detect CEA in real human serum samples. These findings suggest that the proposed sensing platform will hold great potential for clinical tumor diagnosis and monitoring.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2020MB061) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21427808).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of **an, **an, Shandong, 250022, People’s Republic of China

    Shan-Shan Shi & Huai-Qing Zhao

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People’s Republic of China

    Shan-Shan Shi, **ao-Jian Li, Rong-Na Ma, Lei Shang, Wei Zhang, Li-** Jia & Huai-Sheng Wang

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  1. Shan-Shan Shi
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Correspondence to Huai-Qing Zhao, Li-** Jia or Huai-Sheng Wang.

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This study was approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Subcommittee of Liaocheng University (BRES). All the experiments were performed in compliance with the relevant laws and institutional guidelines of BRES.

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Shi, SS., Li, XJ., Ma, RN. et al. A novel dual-signal output strategy for POCT of CEA based on a smartphone electrochemical aptasensing platform. Microchim Acta 191, 407 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-024-06493-z

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