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Investigation of antilipidemic efficacy of condensed tannins from three varieties of Sorghum bicolor seeds on high-fat diet-induced obese rats

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Abstract

High levels of lipids in the system are a significant illness condition that raises the risk of coronary artery disease as well as a rise in blood pressure; all of which might finally lead to death. Tannins, which are obtained naturally from plants, are widely utilized in the management of diseases related to lipid metabolism and have proven to be safer and potent, while also having less harmful and adverse effects. In the meanwhile, there has been a surge in the acknowledgment of the relevance of dietary tannins in the prevention as well as management of diseases related to lipid metabolism. The aim of this study is to understand the antilipidemic effect of sorghum condensed tannins (SCT) from three different varieties in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese male Wistar rats. Seventy-eight male Wistar rats divided into 7 groups containing 6 rats each for each variety of sorghum were used for the study. However, the orlistat and non-treated groups (I, II, III, and VII) consist of only one group containing 6 rats which equals 24 rats in groups I, II, III, and VII while 54 rats were used in SCT-treated groups IV, V, and VI with each group containing 6 rats across the three sorghum varieties. Following feeding with a high-fat diet, the treated groups were administered with SCT at different concentrations (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight) for a period of 14 days; after which they were sacrificed and the serum, heart, liver, and kidney were harvested for biochemical assays (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)). The result obtained shows that there was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) high level of LDL, TC, and TG concentrations in the serum, liver, heart, and kidney in the non-treated obese group as well as the high-fat diet fed group compared to the control and treated groups. The HDL levels of the groups treated with SCT increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in the serum, liver, heart, and kidney as well as in the control that was fed with a normal diet. From the result discoveries, the SCTB proved to be more effective than others even though they all showed capacity. It could also be said that treatment with SCT has shown that it could effectively manage hyperlipidemia with minimal or no side effects and could be further researched upon in its usage as a supplement.

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Data Availability

Data will be available on reasonable request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the effort of Mr. Tunde Aluko.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, Ekiti State, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

    Oluwasesan O. Aluko & Olubunmi B. Ajayi

  2. Administrative Department, Hospitals’ Management Board, Ekiti State, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

    Oluwasesan O. Aluko

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Contributions

OOA conceptualized the study, acquired funding, and analyzed the data. OOA carried out the investigation and drafted the manuscript with OBA. OBA and OOA provided the resources, edited the manuscript, and supervised the study. All authors read the final version of the article and confirmed its publication.

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Correspondence to Oluwasesan O. Aluko.

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Ethical approval

All animal care and handling procedures were approved by The Research Ethical Committee of the office of Research, Development and Innovation at the Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Ref: ORD/AD/EAC/22/103.

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Aluko, O.O., Ajayi, O.B. Investigation of antilipidemic efficacy of condensed tannins from three varieties of Sorghum bicolor seeds on high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Comp Clin Pathol 32, 847–858 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-023-03494-x

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