Abstract
Background
Smoking cessation is an integral part of cancer survivorship. To help improve survivorship education, clinicians need an understanding of patient awareness of the harms of continued smoking.
Methods
Cancer survivors from Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (Toronto, ON) were surveyed on their awareness of the harms of continued smoking on cancer-related outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed factors associated with awareness and whether awareness was associated with subsequent cessation among smokers at diagnosis.
Results
Among 1118 patients, 23% were current smokers pre-diagnosis and 54% subsequently quit; 25% had lung and 30% head and neck cancers. Many patients reported being unaware that continued smoking results in greater cancer surgical complications (53%), increased radiation side effects (62%), decreased quality of life during chemotherapy (51%), decreased chemotherapy or radiation efficacy (57%), increased risk of death (40%), and increased development of second primaries (38%). Being a current smoker was associated with greater lack of awareness of some of these smoking harms (aORs = 1.53–2.20, P < 0.001–0.02), as was exposure to any second-hand smoke (aORs = 1.45–1.53, P = 0.006–0.04) and being diagnosed with early stage cancer (aORs = 1.38–2.31, P < 0.001–0.06). Among current smokers, those with fewer pack-years, being treated for cure, or had a non-tobacco-related cancer were more likely unaware. Awareness that continued tobacco use worsen quality of life after chemotherapy was associated with subsequent cessation (aOR = 2.26, P = 0.006).
Conclusions
Many cancer survivors are unaware that continued smoking can negatively impact cancer-related outcomes. The impact of educating patients about the potential harms of continued smoking when discussing treatment plans should be further evaluated.
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Funding
This research was supported in part by the Alan B Brown Chair in Molecular Genomics, the CCO Chair in Experimental Therapeutics and Population studies, and the Posluns Family Foundation.
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The institutional (University Health Network) research ethics board approved the study. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. We have full control of all primary data and we agree to allow the journal to review our data if requested.
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Eng, L., Alton, D., Song, Y. et al. Awareness of the Harms of Continued Smoking Among Cancer Survivors. Support Care Cancer 28, 3409–3419 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-019-05175-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-019-05175-4