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Identifying the preoperative factors predicting the surgical difficulty of robotic distal pancreatectomy

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Abstract

Background

Few studies have evaluated the preoperative factors predicting the surgical difficulty of robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP). This study aims to explore such factors and provide guidance on the selection of suitable patients to aid surgeons lacking extensive experience in RDP.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted on consecutive patients who underwent RDP to identify preoperative factors predicting surgical difficulty. High surgical difficulty was defined by both operation time and intraoperative estimated blood loss exceeding their median, or by conversion to laparotomy.

Results

A total of 161 patients were ultimately enrolled, including 51 patients with high levels of surgical difficulty. Multivariate analysis revealed that male sex [OR (95% CI): 4.07 (1.77,9.40), p = 0.001], body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 OR (95% CI): 2.27 (1.03,5.00), p = 0.042], tumors located at the neck of the pancreas [OR (95% CI): 4.15 (1.49,11.56), p = 0.006] and splenic artery type B [OR (95% CI): 3.28 (1.09,9.91), p = 0.035] were independent risk factors for surgical difficulty. Regarding postoperative complications, high surgical difficulty was associated with the risk of overall complications and pancreatic fistula (grade B/C) (49.0% vs. 22.7%, p < 0.001; 39.2% vs. 19.1%, p = 0.006).

Conclusion

Male sex, body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2, tumor located at the neck of the pancreas and splenic artery type B are associated with a high RDP difficulty level. These factors can be used preoperatively to assess the difficulty level of surgery, to help surgeons choose patients suitable for them and ensure surgical safety.

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Funding

This work was supported by the project of Capital Health Research and Development of Special (No. 2020-1-4011), Bei**g, China.

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Author notes

  1. Qiang Xu and Pengyu Li have contributed equally to this paper.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1, Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng, Bei**g, 100730, China

    Qiang Xu, Pengyu Li, Hanyu Zhang, Mengyi Wang, Qiaofei Liu, Wen**g Liu & Menghua Dai

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  1. Qiang Xu
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Correspondence to Menghua Dai.

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Dr. Qiang xu, Dr. Pengyu Li, Dr. Hanyu Zhang, Dr. Mengyi Wang, Dr. Qiaofei Liu, Dr. Wen**g Liu, Dr. Menghua Dai have no conflicts of interests or financial ties to disclose.

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Xu, Q., Li, P., Zhang, H. et al. Identifying the preoperative factors predicting the surgical difficulty of robotic distal pancreatectomy. Surg Endosc 37, 3823–3831 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-023-09865-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-023-09865-3

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