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Comorbidities are not associated with pain symptom or recurrence in patients with pilonidal disease

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Abstract

Background

Comorbidities can potentially impact the presentation or outcome of patients with pilonidal disease (PD) due to poor wound healing or increased inflammatory response. We hypothesized that certain comorbidities could lead to worse pain or higher recurrence rate.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed on all PD patients treated with standardized minimally invasive protocol at our clinic 2019–2022. Patients’ demographics, comorbidities, initial/follow-up pain score, pain duration, and recurrence were recorded. Data were analyzed by t test and Chi-square test.

Results

Of 207 total PD patients (108 male, 99 female), 61 had comorbidities. Mean age was 18.2 years. The recurrence rate was 7%, and patients with recurrence were significantly younger. Associated comorbidities included mood/psychiatric disorders (31%), asthma/respiratory illness (30%), obesity-related illness (15%), gastrointestinal disorders (13%), diabetes (10%), thyroid disease (8%), cardiac disease (8%), musculoskeletal/connective tissue disorders (7%), immunologic disease (7%), inflammatory bowel disease (5%), and chest wall disorders (3%). The presence of comorbidities was not associated with PD recurrence. By dividing patients into adolescents (< 18 years) and adults (≥ 18 years), we found no association between comorbidity and recurrence in either group. 55% of patients had pain as an initial symptom. The initial pain score, pain duration, and pain score at follow-up were not associated with comorbidities. The comorbidities and recurrence were not associated with patient age or sex.

Conclusions

Having comorbidities was not associated with pain symptoms or recurrence in PD patients. Even though patients with recurrence were younger, there was no association between comorbidity and recurrence in either adolescents or adults.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to patient privacy but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by Stanford University Department of Surgery Seed Grant Funding for research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA

    Akanksha Sabapaty, Fereshteh Salimi-Jazi, Claire Abrajano, Deanna Garza, Kyla Santos Dalusag, Thomas Hui, Wendy Su, Claudia Mueller, Julie Fuchs & Bill Chiu

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 301 University Boulevard Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch, 108 Basic Science Building, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA

    Razie Yousefi

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  1. Akanksha Sabapaty
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  2. Fereshteh Salimi-Jazi
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  3. Claire Abrajano
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Contributions

Conception of the work: A.S., C.A., B.C.; data collection: A.S., C.A., D.G, K.D.; data analysis and interpretation: A.S., R.Y., B.C.; drafting the article: A.S., F.S-J., R.Y., B.C.; critical revision of the article: F.S-J., C.A., T.H., W.S., C.M., J.F., B.C.. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bill Chiu.

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Conflict of interest

The authors report no proprietary or commercial interest in any product mentioned or concept discussed in this article. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was approved by the Stanford University Institutional Review Board (#52040), and all experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and/or their legal guardian(s).

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Sabapaty, A., Salimi-Jazi, F., Abrajano, C. et al. Comorbidities are not associated with pain symptom or recurrence in patients with pilonidal disease. Pediatr Surg Int 40, 66 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-024-05644-w

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