Abstract
Local and regional climatic pressures influence coastal geomorphic systems on different spatial and temporal scales. Within these zones of variation, systems and environmental processes interact. They can recreate sediment movement patterns and anticipate environmental evolution. This study utilises a non-parametric end-member modelling analysis (EMMA) as a deterministic approach for unmixing grain sizes into geologically relevant populations. The aim is to characterise seasonal grain size distribution variation and link seasonal end members to proximal sources. A 5-year analysis of seasonal data from 19 open-coast beaches is adopted in the North and South Goa coastal area. End-members (EMs) are assigned based on grain size modal classes of 32–63 µm (EM1), 63–125 µm (EM2), 125–250 µm (EM3), and 250–500 µm (EM4), corresponding to coarse silt, very fine sand, fine sand, and medium sand respectively. In response to the current hydrodynamic forcings, it is projected that the surface sediments analysed have been reworked, sorted, and redistributed. While the spatial trend of EM distribution indicates an abundance of EM2 and EM3 along the coast, the variability in EMs across seasons shows that the Southwest and Northeast monsoons significantly influence the distributions of sediments along the Goa Coast, and the underlying EMs in the sediments bear the imprint of the interaction of these two seasons' dominant forces.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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The authors acknowledge the support and facilities provided by the Director, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography. The first author acknowledges The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) and the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi (CSIR). The help rendered by the staff of the Ocean Engineering Division, CSIR-NIO, is placed on record for their assistance in sediment collection and sieve analysis. We also thank the editor and the reviewers for their constructive and meticulous reviews that have helped improve this manuscript's quality. This article forms a part of the PhD thesis of the first author, registered at Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India. This is NIO contribution no. 7017.
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Lynda-Uta Edet Okon, Jaya Kumar Seelam, Suneeta Kumari and Lavanya Hemanath. Lynda-Uta Edet Okon wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors commented on previous versions. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Okon, LU.E., Seelam, J.K., Kumari, S. et al. Sediment dynamics of tropical open coast beaches, central west coast of India: implications of spatio-temporal variability. Geo-Mar Lett 43, 3 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-023-00746-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-023-00746-1