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Bathymetric distributions of notothenioid fishes

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Abstract

There has been no comprehensive study of the bathymetry of notothenioid fishes. Therefore, I analyzed minimum and maximum depths and depth ranges for 128 of 142 species that collectively range from 0 to ≈3000 m. Means (and medians) for maximum depths are 176 m (75 m) for non-Antarctic, 511 m (360 m) for sub-Antarctic, and 963 m (899 m) for Antarctic species; medians are significantly different. Means (and medians) for depth ranges for the three groups are 140 (55 m), 470 (345 m), and 727 m (714 m), respectively, with significantly different medians. The mean maximum depths for the Cryonotothenioidea are: Nototheniidae—525 m, Harpagiferidae—88 m, Artedidraconidae—906 m, Bathydraconidae—1165 m, and Channichthyidae—910 m. If five species of Bathydraco, with a mean of 2098 m are excluded, the mean for the Bathydraconidae is 741 m. With the exceptions of the harpagiferids and Bathydraco, there is overlap of the 95% confidence intervals for the means of other families. Thirteen Antarctic and sub-Antarctic species with maximum depths and/or depth ranges ≥1500 m are especially deep-living: four nototheniids, four species of Bathydraco, three species of Pogonophryne, and two channichthyids. The most common depth range is 0–50 m for non-Antarctic, 200–400 m for sub-Antarctic and 600–800 m for Antarctic species. Three species have depth ranges >2000 m. Species diversity peaks at 50 m for non-Antarctic, 100 m for sub-Antarctic, and 500 m for Antarctic species. Notothenioids are not eurybathic compared with older deep-sea taxa but are eurybathic relative to marine percomorphs.

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Acknowledgements

For answering my questions and for providing information and advice, I am most grateful to: A.V. Balushkin (ZIN), Tim Berra (Ohio State-Mansfield), Romain Causse (MNHN), Guy Duhamel (MNHN), Richard Eakin, Rick Feeney (LACM), Jesús Matallanas (AUB), Andrey Petrov (VNIROA), David Stein (Oregon State), Andrew Stewart (NMNZ). I also thank Richard Eakin for his reading of and helpful comments on the manuscript. I especially appreciate the constructive comments and corrections from the formal manuscript reviewers including Guy Duhamel and Tetsuo Iwami. Supported by NSF ANT 04-36190.

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  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA

    Joseph T. Eastman

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Correspondence to Joseph T. Eastman.

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Eastman, J.T. Bathymetric distributions of notothenioid fishes. Polar Biol 40, 2077–2095 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-017-2128-x

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