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Enhanced solar-driven photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance of polymer composite containing carbon black and calcium titanate nanoparticles

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Abstract

In this work, pristine calcium titanate (CaTiO3), polyaniline (PANI), binary PANI@carbon black (CB), and ternary PANI@CB/CaTiO3 composites were synthesized using solid-state and in situ oxidative polymerization method. XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, PL, FE-SEM, and EDX analyses were studied in order to examine the structural, optical, and morphological properties of all grown samples. XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and EDX findings confirmed the formation of successful chemical organization among PANI, CaTiO3, and CB. The UV–Vis and PL investigation reaffirmed the reduction in optical band gap (2.67 eV–2.56 eV) and charge carrier recombination process due to inclusion of CaTiO3 into CB-reinforced polymer matrix. In photocatalytic experiment, PANI@CB/10%CaTiO3 catalyst showed efficacious performance to degrade the synthetic dyes (99.7% MO and 97.8% MB) after 120-min sunlight irradiation with higher rate and superb stability up-to 5th cycle against MO dye. In kinetic examination, pseudo-first-order kinetic model was obeyed by both dyes. Herein, the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic cell was fabricated by spin-coating the grown samples on FTO glass substrate and thermally evaporating the Al electrode subsequently. The BHJ fabricated by PANI@CB/10%CaTiO3 showed better efficiency (0.541%), photocurrent density (Jsc) (4.21 mA/cm2), and open-circuit voltage (Voc) (0.39 V).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, 60800, Pakistan

    Ariba Bibi, Abdul Shakoor & Niaz Ahmad Niaz

  2. Department of Materials Engineering, National Institute of Laser and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Raffi

  3. Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Salman

  4. Department of Physics, University of Education Lahore, D. G. Khan Campus, Lahore, 32200, Pakistan

    Zahid Usman

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  1. Ariba Bibi
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AB and AS were involved in the conceptualization, formal analysis, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, writing-original draft and data curation. NAN, MR, MS contributed to the data curation, software, visualization, and writing—original draft. ZU assisted in writing—review and editing.

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Bibi, A., Shakoor, A., Niaz, N.A. et al. Enhanced solar-driven photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance of polymer composite containing carbon black and calcium titanate nanoparticles. Polym. Bull. 81, 8359–8382 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-023-05108-6

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