Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) requires high levels of water and potassium to achieve optimal yield and quality. This is of importance for the sustainable agriculture, and therefore, it is quite concern of agronomists to define the proper irrigation level and potassium rates in potato. In this study, we tested three irrigation levels (full irrigation (I100), 66% full irrigation (I66; 33% deficit), 33% full irrigation (I33; 66% deficit)), and six potassium doses (K0:0 kg ha−1 of K, K1:40 kg ha−1 of K, K2:80 kg ha−1 of K, K3:120 kg ha−1 of K, K4:160 kg ha−1 of K and K5:200 kg ha−1 of K) in Agria. The study was conducted in Niğde (Central Anatolia, Türkiye, 37°56′31.8′′N 34°38′04.2′′E) as a two-year field experiment. In the experiment, the respective values were recorded for each variable; plant height 36.0–92.0 cm, maturation period 82.0–98.0 days, number of stem per plant 3.4–4.7, number of tuber per plant 4.1–7.7, tuber yield per plant 247.1–846.2 g, marketable tuber ratio 79.4–99.4%, discarded tuber ratio 0.6–5.7%, secondary structured tuber ratio 0.0–16.6%, total tuber yield 11.8–38.7 t, dry matter 19.2–21.6%, specific gravity 1.072–1.087 g cm3, and starch 13.2–15.9%. Besides, it was determined that the optimum irrigation × potassium interaction was achieved at I100×K3 and I100×K4 in terms of plant and yield parameters, and I33×K3 and I33 × K4 in terms of tuber quality parameters. In our work, we concluded that a water need of average 590–720 mm (not including the effective rainfall amount) and potassium supply of 120–160 kg ha−1 in Central Anatolia will be optimal for the potato cultivation. The findings of this study will contribute to potato cultivation practices by providing proper information about the optimal irrigation need and potassium dose.
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Data availability
The data sets analyzed during the current study are not publicly accessible because they are a part of the PhD thesis, but they can be obtained from the corresponding author upon justifiable request.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Scientific Research Project Office (BAP) of Niğde Omer Halisdemir University (grant numbers: TGT 2020/4-LÜTEP). We appreciate Doğa Seed Company's assistance in ensuring the supply of potatoes and also wish to thank the feedback provided by the reviewers and editors.
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Aytekin, R.İ., Çalışkan, S. Irrigation and potassium fertilization effects on plant growth, tuber yield, quality, and water use efficiency of potato. Irrig Sci 42, 367–385 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-023-00886-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-023-00886-3