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Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Auricular Chondrocytes Facilitate Cartilage Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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  • Basic Science/Experimental
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Abstract

Purpose

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC)-based therapies have been utilized for cartilage regeneration because of their multi-lineage differentiation ability. However, commonly used cartilage inducers such as the transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-β3) may be prone to cartilage dedifferentiation and hypertrophy. The directional differentiation of elastic cartilage is limited nowadays. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been reported to influence the specific differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by reflecting the composition of the parental cells. However, the role of auricular chondrogenic-derived EVs (AC-EVs) in elastic chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs has not yet been reported.

Results

AC-EVs isolated from the external ears of swine exhibited a positive effect on cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, AC-EVs efficiently promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs in pellet culture, as shown by the elevated levels of COL2A1, ACAN, and SOX-9 expression. Moreover, there was a significantly higher expression of elastin and a lower expression of the fibrotic marker COL1A1 in comparison with that achieved with TGF-β3. The staining results demonstrated that AC-EVs promoted the deposition of cartilage-specific matrix, which is in good concordance with the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results.

Conclusions

Auricular chondrogenic-derived EVs are a crucial component in elastic chondrogenic differentiation and other biological behaviors of ADSCs, which may be a useful ingredient for cartilage tissue engineering and external ear reconstruction.

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Acknowledgement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33 Badachu Road, Shi**gshan District, Bei**g, 100144, People’s Republic of China

    Rui Guo & **cai Fan

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  1. Rui Guo
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  2. **cai Fan
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RG, JF

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Correspondence to **cai Fan.

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Ethical Approval

All the procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Plastic Surgery Hospital 2022[217]

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All the procedures in this study were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Plastic Surgery Hospital. The animal experiments of the project complied with the principles of animal protection, animal welfare, and ethics, and it complied with the relevant regulations of the national laboratory animal welfare ethics. 2022[217].

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Guo, R., Fan, J. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Auricular Chondrocytes Facilitate Cartilage Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Aesth Plast Surg 47, 2823–2832 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-023-03292-4

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