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A novel nanostructured poly(thionine)-deep eutectic solvent/CuO nanoparticle film-modified disposable pencil graphite electrode for determination of acetaminophen in the presence of ascorbic acid

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Abstract

A new electrochemical sensor based on thionine (TH), an electroactive polymer, and CuO nanoparticle (CuONP)-modified pencil graphite electrode (PGE) has been developed. Poly(thionine) (PTH) was formed on the CuO/PGE surface by electropolymerisation in ethaline deep eutectic solvent (DES) containing acetic acid dopant to form PTHEthaline/CuO/PGE. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry were utilized to evaluate the fabrication process, electrochemical properties, and performance parameters of the modified electrodes. The analytical performance of the PTHEthaline/CuO/PGE was evaluated with respect to linear range, limit of detection, repeatability, and reproducibility for the detection of acetaminophen (APAP) by electrooxidation in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA). Analytical parameters such as pH were optimized. The combined use of PTH and CuONP led to enhanced performance towards APAP due to the large electroactive surface area and synergistic catalytic effect, with a wide linear working range and low detection limit. The reliability of the proposed sensor for the detection of APAP was successfully tested in pharmaceutical samples containing APAP and AA, with very good recoveries.

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Funding

B. Dalkiran thankfully acknowledges the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK 2219) for a postdoctoral fellowship. The authors thank Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, project PTDC/QEQ-QAN/2201/2014, in the framework of Project 3599-PPCDT, co-financed by the European Community Fund FEDER, and CEMMPRE, project UIDB/EMS/00285/2020 by FEDER funds through the program COMPETE – Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade, and by national funds through FCT.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal

    Berna Dalkiran & Christopher M. A. Brett

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  1. Berna Dalkiran
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Dalkiran, B., Brett, C.M.A. A novel nanostructured poly(thionine)-deep eutectic solvent/CuO nanoparticle film-modified disposable pencil graphite electrode for determination of acetaminophen in the presence of ascorbic acid. Anal Bioanal Chem 413, 1149–1157 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-03078-6

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