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Statistical analysis related to the quantification of microhardness and the percentage of martensite after the application of welding

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Abstract

Stainless steels are used to manufacture components for the automotive industry, equipment and components of steam turbines for the generation of electrical energy; for this reason, it is important to consider the percentage of martensite and microhardness obtained after applying the arc welding processes. In this paper, specific variations of voltage and wire feed speed values are selected to evaluate their effect in the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process in an AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel. The analyzed parameters are the percentage of martensite and the microhardness obtained after the application of welding. The characterization of the welded specimens is carried out by electrolytic polishing and modified Berahas colored chemical etching to stain the martensite phase. The main objective of this document is to design a full factorial experiment to demonstrate that the percentage of martensite and microhardness increases or decreases according to the wire feed speed and voltage variations. The experimental data fit a normal distribution with a confidence level of 84.704% obtained from the analysis of variance (ANOVA) in the percentage of martensite and 89.404% in microhardness.

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Acknowledgements

The authors want to thank the National Technological Institute of Mexico/Technological Institute of Morelia and the doctoral program (Doctorate in Sciences in Electrical Engineering and Doctorate in Sciences in Engineering) for the support provided to carry out this research, and also, the National Council of Science and Technology CONACYT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. División de Estudios de Postgrado e Investigación (DEPI), Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Morelia, Morelia, México

    Tania Elizabeth Sandoval Valencia, Adriana del Carmen Téllez Anguiano, Luis Eduardo Ugalde Caballero, Héctor Javier Vergara Hernández & Francisco Reyes Calderón

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  1. Tania Elizabeth Sandoval Valencia
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  3. Luis Eduardo Ugalde Caballero
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Contributions

T.E. conceived and designed the experiment. U.C. and H.V. collected the data. T.E. performed the analysis, interpreted the data and wrote and revised the paper. A.D. and F.R. revised and gave final approval of the version to be submitted, and all subsequent versions.

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Correspondence to Tania Elizabeth Sandoval Valencia.

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Valencia, T.E.S., del Carmen Téllez Anguiano, A., Caballero, L.E.U. et al. Statistical analysis related to the quantification of microhardness and the percentage of martensite after the application of welding. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 116, 3687–3698 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07748-2

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