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Drivers of fish trophic guild composition in lakes of the Upper Paraná River floodplain

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Abstract

In freshwater ecosystems, flood pulses, the degree of connectivity between environments, and the vegetation mosaic are among the main variables affecting environmental structure at the landscape scale. At a finer scale, local limnological conditions seem to be more important for structuring river fish assemblages. However, rather than exerting isolated effects, these limnological characteristics can have combined impacts on the environment. We evaluated the main drivers of the spatial structuring of fish trophic guilds in the littoral zone of lakes in the Upper Paraná River floodplain (UPRF) and determined the relative importance of limnological conditions, spatial distance, and riparian vegetation. We sampled fish and limnological variables in June, September, and December of 2011, and classified the fish species into trophic guilds. We used variation partitioning analysis to assess the influence of the three sets of predictors and distance-based redundancy analysis to visualize the position of samples, as described by the composition of trophic guilds in multivariate space. The distribution of trophic guilds was mainly influenced by limnological variables, i.e., conductivity, chlorophyll a, and pH, in periods of low water. Spatial and riparian vegetation predictors, despite being low, also influenced the distribution because limnological variables and riparian vegetation of the UPRF have a well-defined spatial structure due to differences between rivers. The lakes with Class III riparian vegetation (dominated by tree species) supported most of the trophic guilds, including insectivores. This indicates that allochthonous materials, even when they occur in smaller proportions, contribute to the structuring of fish communities in periods of low water.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia) of Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) for providing the samples and logistical support, the Pesquisas Ecológicas de Longa Duração (PELD) project financed by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for delivering the data, and Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR—Campo Mourão/PR) for granting technical cooperation agreements with Nupélia (ACT 021/2019; ACT 018/2019). We would also like to thank CNPq for granting scholarships to TML, ACR, and AAA and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for scholarships to CMM, MHS, RMD, and MGB.

Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES/ PROEX).

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Author notes

  1. Edivando Vitor do Couto and Angelo Antonio Agostinho contributed equally to the elaboration of the article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Avenida Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    Taise Miranda Lopes, Carolina Mendes Muniz, Marcelo Henrique Schmitz, Rosa Maria Dias, Amanda Cantarute Rodrigues, Matheus Gimenez Buzo, Edivando Vitor do Couto & Angelo Antonio Agostinho

  2. Departamento Acadêmico de Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233 CEP 87301-899 Mailbox: 271, Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil

    Edivando Vitor do Couto

  3. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ictiologia, Limnologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil

    Angelo Antonio Agostinho

Authors
  1. Taise Miranda Lopes
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  2. Carolina Mendes Muniz
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  3. Marcelo Henrique Schmitz
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  4. Rosa Maria Dias
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  5. Amanda Cantarute Rodrigues
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  6. Matheus Gimenez Buzo
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  7. Edivando Vitor do Couto
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  8. Angelo Antonio Agostinho
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Contributions

TML, CMM, MHS, RMD, ACR, and MGB conceived and designed the investigation. TML, CMM, and MHS analyzed the data. All authors contributed to the writing and reviewing of the paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carolina Mendes Muniz.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (SISBIO/ ICMBIO; License nº 22442–1) and the Ethics Board for the use of experimental animals of the Universidade Estadual de Maringá (CEUA; Technical Advice nº 1420221018/2018).

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Lopes, T.M., Muniz, C.M., Schmitz, M.H. et al. Drivers of fish trophic guild composition in lakes of the Upper Paraná River floodplain. Aquat Sci 84, 27 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-022-00860-9

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