Abstract
It was well known that there are e-particles and m-strings in the 3-dimensional (spatial dimension) toric code model, which realizes the 3-dimensional ℤ2 topological order. Recent mathematical result, however, shows that there are additional string-like topological defects in the 3-dimensional ℤ2 topological order. In this work, we construct all topological defects of codimension 2 and higher, and show that they form a braided fusion 2-category satisfying a braiding non-degeneracy condition.
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Kong, L., Tian, Y. & Zhang, ZH. Defects in the 3-dimensional toric code model form a braided fusion 2-category. J. High Energ. Phys. 2020, 78 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2020)078
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2020)078