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Epistemologia ed insegnamento della Chimica Fisica nel corso di laurea in Scienze Geologiche. Nota II. Analisi di specifici errori in geotermia e vulcanologia

Epistemology and teaching of Physical Chemistry. II. Analysis of some errors occurred in geothermics and volcanology

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Abstract

Note II deals with specific case histories supporting conclusions offered inNote I. They refer to: misleading assessment of geothermal resources; misinterpretation of geothermal gradient data; ambiguous or ineffective use of gas geochemical thermometers; and, mishandling such basic questions as monitoring gas movement in volcanic systems. Corresponding prevalent mistakes were: (i) heat and thermal energy mix-up, either conceptual or resulting from poor definition of geothermal systems (including artifact as well as natural subsystems); (ii) insufficient study of the cap-rock subsystem of prospective geothermal systems in regard to energy transfer processes; (iii) unclear or missing definition of constraints on natural systems with a view at geothermometry; (iv) technical errors which seem to go back to blurried lines between motion of bodies and convective mass transfer. In this last case such apparent breaking of basic rules of scientific reasoning took place in follow up argument, as to make it pretty hard thinking of it as of sheer scientific matters.

Riassunto

Questa secondaNota è una discussione della casistica su cui sono fondate le conclusioni della prima. I casi sono: ciò che appare come confusione tra energia e calore nelle valutazioni delle risorse geotermiche (ma che spesso è dovuta ad un’insufficiente descrizione dei sistemi coinvolti, naturali e non); erronee descrizioni dei dati di gradiente geotermico (stessa causa, ma dovute anche alla difficoltà di applicare ai sistemi naturali definizioni della Fisica come quella di calore); i termometri chimici fondati su specie gassose (che possono essere valutati solo se i vincoli che eliminano l’indeterminazione delle funzioni di temperatura sono chiaramente definiti); la fondamentale questione dello studio del flusso dei gas nella sorve-glianza vulcanica. Sebbene anche in quest’ultimo caso la Chimica Fisica abbia lati oscuri, esso è il solo in cui si trovino veri e propri fondamentali errori: tecnici dapprima, di metodo scientifico in seguito, e questi ultimi tali da sollcvare la questione su fino a che punto il problema possa essere distipo meramente scientifico.

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Nella seduta del 13 maggio 1995.

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Tonani, F., Mottana, A. Epistemologia ed insegnamento della Chimica Fisica nel corso di laurea in Scienze Geologiche. Nota II. Analisi di specifici errori in geotermia e vulcanologia. Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 7, 5–23 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03001693

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