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Lipoplexes’ Structure, Preparation, and Role in Managing Different Diseases

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Abstract

Lipid-based vectors are becoming promising alternatives to traditional therapies over the last 2 decades specially for managing life-threatening diseases like cancer. Cationic lipids are the most prevalent non-viral vectors utilized in gene delivery. The increasing number of clinical trials about lipoplex-based gene therapy demonstrates their potential as well-established technology that can provide robust gene transfection. In this regard, this review will summarize this important point. These vectors however have a modest transfection efficiency. This limitation can be partly addressed by using functional lipids that provide a plethora of options for investigating nucleic acid-lipid interactions as well as in vitro and in vivo nucleic acid delivery for biomedical applications. Despite their lower gene transfer efficiency, lipid-based vectors such as lipoplexes have several advantages over viral ones: they are less toxic and immunogenic, can be targeted, and are simple to produce on a large scale. Researchers are actively investigating the parameters that are essential for an effective lipoplex delivery method. These include factors that influence the structure, stability, internalization, and transfection of the lipoplex. Thorough understanding of the design principles will enable synthesis of customized lipoplex formulations for life-saving therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, PharmD Program, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Alexandria, Egypt

    Sally A. El-Zahaby

  2. School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, 144411, Punjab, India

    Lovepreet Kaur, Atif Khurshid Wani & Rattandeep Singh

  3. Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

    Ankur Sharma

  4. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Aprameya Ganesh Prasad

  5. Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt

    Mohamed Y. Zakaria

  6. Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, 46612, South Sinai, Egypt

    Mohamed Y. Zakaria

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Conceptualization: Sally A. El-Zahaby; Interpretation of data: Sally A. El-Zahaby, Lovepreet Kaur, Ankur Sharma, Aprameya Ganesh Prasad, Atif Khurshid Wani & Rattandeep Singh, Visualization: Sally A. El-Zahaby & Aprameya Ganesh Prasad; Writing - original draft: Sally A. El-Zahaby, Aprameya Ganesh Prasad & Atif Khurshid Wani; Writing–review & editing: Sally A. El-Zahaby, Lovepreet Kaur, Ankur Sharma, Aprameya Ganesh Prasad, Atif Khurshid Wani, Rattandeep Singh, Mohamed Y. Zakaria; Final approval of the version to be published: Sally A. El-Zahaby, Lovepreet Kaur, Ankur Sharma, Aprameya Ganesh Prasad, Atif Khurshid Wani, Rattandeep Singh, Mohamed Y. Zakaria.

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El-Zahaby, S.A., Kaur, L., Sharma, A. et al. Lipoplexes’ Structure, Preparation, and Role in Managing Different Diseases. AAPS PharmSciTech 25, 131 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-024-02850-6

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