Abstract
Results of the complex experimental research of plasma impact on fusion reactor materials are presented. The near-wall plasma of a tokamak reactor is simulated on the linear plasma device LENTA (National Research Center Kurchatov Institute). Plasma fluence of 1022–1023 cm–2 to the material surface is provided at 1012–1013 cm–3 of plasma density in steady-state operation of the device, thus simulating the continuous regime of the fusion reactor plasma-wall conditions. The neutron effect on the first wall material (radiation damage) is also simulated by irradiation with high-energy ions accelerated by a cyclotron to MeV-range energies. The work is centered mainly on tungsten being a candidate for coating of the divertor region in the tokamak reactor. Samples irradiated at doses of 1021–1023 ion/cm2 to a high damage level from 0.1 to 80–100 displacements per atom characteristic of a durable operation of the reactor have been obtained on the cyclotron at the National Research Center Kurchatov Institute. Helium, carbon, and nitrogen ions and protons whose defect generation mechanisms are very different have been used in irradiations. Erosion data (erosion rate, erosion yield), swelling characteristics (profilometry), and microstructure changes (SEM) of the damaged surface layer are given for tungsten preirradiated with fast nitrogen ions. Proton-irradiated silicon carbide SiC has also been studied in deuterium plasma, and changes in its microstructure are found.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig4_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig5_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig6_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig7_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig8_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig9_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig10_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1134%2FS1063778821070048/MediaObjects/11450_2021_2379_Fig11_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
W. R. Wampler and R. P. Doerner, Nucl. Fusion 49, 115023 (2009).
J. Roth and K. Schmid, Phys. Scr. 145, 014031 (2011).
Y. Hatano, M. Shimada, V. Kh. Alimov, et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 438, 114 (2013).
Y. Hatano, T. Toyama, H. T. Lee, et al., At. Plasma-Mater. Interact. Data Fusion 18, 55 (2019).
S. P. Deshpande and P. M. Raole, et al., At. Plasma-Mater. Interact. Data Fusion 18, 3 (2019).
M. Mayer, E. Markina, S. Lindig, and T. Scwartz-Selinger, Phys. Scr. 159, 014045 (2011).
M. Shimada et al., Nucl. Fusion 55, 013008 (2015).
Yu. M. Gasparyan, O. V. Ogorodnikova, A. A. Pisarev, et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 463, 1013 (2015).
M. Shimada et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 463, 1005 (2015).
X. Li, Y. Xu, Y. Zhang, and S. Liu, At. Plasma-Mater. Interact. Data Fusion 18, 81 (2019).
I. Kh. Alimov, et al., Vopr. At. Nauki Tekh., Ser.: Termoyad. Sintez 40 (4), 25 (2017).
V. S. Koidan et al., in Proceedings of the IAEA 25th FEC Fusion Energy Conference, St. Petersburg, 2014, paper MPT/P7-37.
B. I. Khripunov, V. S. Koidan, A. I. Ryazanov, V. M. Gureev, S. N. Kornienko, S. T. Latushkin, A. M. Muksunov, E. V. Semenov, V. G. Stolyarova, and V. N. Unezhev, Phys. At. Nucl. 81, 1015 (2018).
B. Khripunov et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 415, 649 (2011).
B. Khripunov, V. Gureev, V. Koidan, et al., Phys. Scr. 145, 014052 (2011).
A. Ryazanov, V. Koidan, B. Kripunov, et al., Fusion Sci. Technol. 61, 107 (2012).
B. Khripunov, V. Gureev, V. Koidan, et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 438, 1014 (2013).
B. Khripunov et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 463, 258 (2015).
B. I. Khipunov, V. S. Koidan, and A. I. Ryazanov, At. Plasma-Mater. Interact. Data Fusion 18, 69 (2019).
F. Maury et al., Rad. Eff. 38, 53 (1978).
D. R. Mason, X. Yi, M. A. Kirk, and S. L. Dudarev, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 26, 376701 (2014).
N. Matsunami, Y. Yamamura, Y. Itikawa, N. Itoh, et al., Energy Dependence of the Yields of Ion-Induced Sputtering of Monoatomic Solids (Inst. Plasma Phys., Nagoya Univ., Nagoya, Japan, 1983).
Funding
This work was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-08-00994-а.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by G. Dedkov
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khripunov, B.I., Koidan, V.S., Ryazanov, A.I. et al. Impact of Deuterium Plasma Flux on Fusion Reactor Materials: Radiation Damage, Surface Modification, Erosion. Phys. Atom. Nuclei 84, 1252–1258 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063778821070048
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063778821070048