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Individual-Typological Features of the Reactivity of EEG Rhythms, Cardiovascular System and Lactoferrin Level in the Conditions of General Air Cooling of a Person

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Abstract

The complex reaction of the nervous, cardiovascular and immune systems (for example, lactoferrin) in response to short-term whole-body air cooling of the body of men aged 18–21 years, depending on their individual typological characteristics, was studied. 3 states were compared-before, during, and after cooling. Changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG), hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure, BP), heart rate variability (HRV), and the level of lactoferrin in saliva during cooling allowed us to distinguish two different reactions. Group I was characterized by the medium initial values of the spectral power (SP) of EEG θ- and α-activity, which are characteristic of balanced influences of activatory and inhibitory effects on the cerebral cortex and balanced autonomic regulation of the heart rhythm. Upon cooling, this group showed a decrease in the surface body temperature (Tskin, Tear), an increase in BP, a decrease in the heart rate, an increase in HRV characteristics (RMSSD, SDNN, TP, HF), desynchronizations in the parietal parts, an increase in the anterior-temporal α–activity, and an increase in θ-activity in all parts on the right and in the anterior-temporal part on the left, without changing the level of lactoferrin in saliva. Group II was distinguished by the initial high SP values of EEG θ- and α-activity, reflecting the activity of hypothalamic-diencephalic structures, as well as by lower TP values and high SI in HRV parameters. Under exposure to cold, a more pronounced decrease in Tskin and Tear, an increase in TP and in absolute values of HF, LF, and VLF power, salivary lactoferrin content, and a slow recovery of systolic BP after cold were detected. Adaptive response to cold in this group was associated with strain of adaptive mechanisms, which may lead to a risk of reducing the functional reserves of the body. Thus, under cold exposure, different neurophysiological mechanisms of functional system mobilization in subjects are activated depending on individual typological features.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to the team of the Tkachev Laboratory of Endocrinology (Head of the Laboratory, Doctor of Biological Sciences E.V. Tipisova; Research Assistant I.N. Molodovskaya; Senior Scientist, Candidate of Biological Sciences A.E. Elfimova; and Senior Scientist, Candidate of Biological Sciences V.A. Alikina) for their help in assessing the saliva lactoferrin content. We are also grateful to the Head of the Laboratory of Regulatory Mechanisms of Immunity, Candidate of Biological Sciences A.V. Samodova for the opportunity to use the cold chamber in the study.

Funding

The work was carried out under the Program for Basic Research, Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, no. AAAA-A19-119120990083-9.

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  1. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk, Russia

    E. V. Krivonogova, O. V. Krivonogova & L. V. Poskotinova

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  1. E. V. Krivonogova
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  2. O. V. Krivonogova
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Correspondence to E. V. Krivonogova.

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no obvious and potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

Statement of compliance with standards of research involving humans as subjects. All studies were conducted in accordance with the principles of biomedical ethics formulated in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent updates and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk), Protocol no. 2 dated March 28, 2018. Each study participant provided a voluntary written informed consent signed after explaining the potential risks and benefits, as well as the nature of the upcoming study.

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Translated by M. Batrukova

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Krivonogova, E.V., Krivonogova, O.V. & Poskotinova, L.V. Individual-Typological Features of the Reactivity of EEG Rhythms, Cardiovascular System and Lactoferrin Level in the Conditions of General Air Cooling of a Person. Hum Physiol 47, 533–541 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S036211972104006X

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