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Dynamic properties of isotropic natural rubber-based magnetorheological elastomers

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Abstract

Magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) are one of smart materials comprised of micron-sized iron particles in the elastomeric matrix, which exhibit variable dynamic properties in a changeable manner under the application of an external magnetic field. This paper presents experimental characterisations of static and dynamic properties of natural rubber-based on isotropic MRE with 30 and 60 wt% of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) using the procedure outlined in the related standards. The static properties of these materials were measured as a function of the magnetic flux density using a servo-hydraulic machine in shear mode. The MRE with the highest magnetorheological (MR) effect was selected for the following dynamic properties with a range of shear strain amplitudes (2.5 to 20%), frequencies (1 to 50 Hz), and magnetic flux densities (0 to 240 mT). The storage modulus and loss modulus were found to increase with increasing frequency and decrease with increasing strain amplitude. Further investigation revealed that the relative MR effect reached its peak at 5% shear strain amplitude and 1 Hz with a value of 14.11%. Therefore, low strain levels must be considered in designing vibration applications using natural rubber (NR)-based MRE. The measured dynamic properties results were used to develop MRE test specifications for automotive products in Malaysia, as well as a possible smart material for vibration and noise control in various engineering applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Malaysian Rubber Board (MRB) for the research funding (Project Code: S21UKRP0756) and the permission to publish this paper. Assistance rendered by Nasrul Shukri Nasir, Mohd Affarizan Zainal Anuar, Mohd Yazid Suboh, Mohd Fazuandy Asshaari and personnel of the Engineering Design and Product Development Unit and the Elastomer Innovation and Technology Unit is gratefully acknowledged.

Funding

This article is funded by Malaysian Rubber Board, S21UKRP0756, Mahmud Iskandar Seth Abdul Rahim.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technology and Engineering Division, RRIM Research Station, Malaysian Rubber Board, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mahmud Iskandar Seth Abdul Rahim, Nik Intan Nik Ismail, Nik Zakaria Nik Yahya & Nazirah Ahmad

  2. Quality and Technical Service Division, RRIM Research Station, Malaysian Rubber Board, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia

    Shamsul Kamaruddin

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  1. Mahmud Iskandar Seth Abdul Rahim
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Correspondence to Mahmud Iskandar Seth Abdul Rahim.

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Seth Abdul Rahim, M.I., Kamaruddin, S., Nik Ismail, N.I. et al. Dynamic properties of isotropic natural rubber-based magnetorheological elastomers. J Rubber Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42464-024-00242-w

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