Abstract
Heterogeneous and mixed urban forms profoundly influence fire susceptibility. Planning interventions to achieve fire resilience in urban areas are often not prioritized, primarily due to lack of analytical evidences. This paper proposes a novel analytical framework to reduce the fire-susceptibility in urban areas through optimal and cost-effective redevelopment of the existing UBFs. The framework includes a linear regression model to estimate the relationship between the fire-susceptibility of an area and the built-up spaces at a granular scale. A linear optimization model is incorporated in the framework to minimize the financial expenses, incurred during the redevelopment, for the reduction in fire-susceptibility of a city. The applicability of the framework is demonstrated through four different redevelopment scenarios of the southern part of Mumbai city. Pareto optimal solutions for various desired conditions of fire-susceptibility and population are determined. The results suggest that redesigning the urban settlement could lead to a significant decrease in susceptibility while catering larger population. The illustrated cases suggest medium and high rise buildings as the prime constituent to accommodate less susceptible larger populations in cost-effective ways. The outcomes suggest separate urban compositions for redevelopment scenarios, which make the approach suitable for informed decision making.
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Abbreviations
- B :
-
a set of UBF variables (Rl, Rm, Rh, Cl, Cm, Ch, Ml, Mm, Mh, I, Sm, Sh)
- i ∈ I :
-
grid i
- N bi :
-
new composition of bth built form variable in ith grid
- S pi :
-
predicted fire-susceptibility of ith grid
- P p :
-
predicted population of ith grid
- X bi :
-
variable to quantify construction of building type b for ith grid
- Y bi :
-
variable to quantify construction of building type b for ith grid
- N costi :
-
total cost associated with construction occurred in ith grid
- D costi :
-
total cost associated with demolition occurred in ith grid
- a b :
-
linear regression coefficient for bth built form variable
- E bi :
-
the existing composition of bth built form variable in ith grid
- k b :
-
total population per percentage built-up for a building type b
- α :
-
fire-susceptibility threshold
- β :
-
population threshold
- ES T :
-
existing fire-susceptibility of a city
- EP T :
-
existing population
- grid Ti :
-
total allowed built-up area for ith grid
- R T :
-
allowed residential built-up area for a given city
- C T :
-
allowed commercial built-up area for a given city
- M T :
-
allowed mixed built-up area for a given city
- I T :
-
allowed built-up Industrial area for a given city
- S T :
-
allowed special built-up area for a given city
- c b :
-
cost of construction per square feet of an area for a building type b
- d b :
-
cost of demolition per square feet of an area for a building type b
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Annexure
Annexure
Study area and deduced fire susceptibility
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Kumar, V., Bandhyopadhyay, S., Ramamritham, K. et al. Optimizing the Redevelopment Cost of Urban Areas to Minimize the Fire Susceptibility of Heterogeneous Urban Settings in Develo** Nations: a Case from Mumbai, India. Process Integr Optim Sustain 4, 361–378 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41660-020-00124-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41660-020-00124-9