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Understanding adaptation to climate variability in smallholder farming systems in eastern Zimbabwe: a sociological perspective

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Abstract

The literature on climate change in Zimbabwe continues to grow, but literature specifically focusing on how people in rural communities are responding to it is still comparatively limited. Only a few scholars have sought to offer a reasonably detailed account of farmers’ concerns and adaptation from localised, qualitative case studies based on farmers’ narratives. As such, this article is empirically based, using mainly qualitative data from a broader research on understanding climate variability and livelihood adaptation conducted in Mutoko District in rural Zimbabwe. In doing so, the aim is not only to contribute empirical data to existing knowledge but also more importantly to theorise adaptation sociologically. The main argument is that farmers are reflexively engaged in various adaptive strategies predominantly at the household level not only to adapt to increasing climatic variability but also to simultaneously navigate a difficult socio-economic landscape. The adaptive strategies are underpinned by diverse structures, processes and conditions that are enabling and constraining. Hence adaptation is unfolding as a complex and reflexive process under specific socio-spatial conditions.

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Notes

  1. An area which receives between 400 and 650 mm of rainfall per year and is subject to seasonal droughts, and is suitable for livestock production and drought resistant crops.

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Acknowledgements

This paper is derived from my PhD thesis titled ‘Understanding Climate Variability and Livelihood Adaptation in Rural Zimbabwe: A Case of Charewa, Mutoko’, submitted to Rhodes University. I would like to thank my supervisor Prof. Kirk Helliker for his guidance.

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  1. Sociology Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. BOX MP 167 MT Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe

    Sandra Bhatasara

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  1. Sandra Bhatasara
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Correspondence to Sandra Bhatasara.

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Bhatasara, S. Understanding adaptation to climate variability in smallholder farming systems in eastern Zimbabwe: a sociological perspective. Rev Agric Food Environ Stud 99, 149–166 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41130-018-0074-9

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