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Geospatial analysis of groundwater potential zones using GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making AHP approach

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Abstract

Kusumi block is a chronically drought-prone and economically backward region of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. The study area is mostly underlain by pre-cambrian hard crystalline rocks characterized by poor ground water condition. Drought has a negative impact on agricultural fields which are largely rain-fed, resulting in crop loss. Because of the vagaries of monsoon rainfall, surface water irrigation is extremely restricted and unreliable. During the summer, most of the wells go dry, making drinking water insecurity a major issue. With this in mind, the study sought to identify site-specific artificial recharge structures for groundwater resource conservation and augmentation in hard rock terrain. Numerous factors like lineament density, geomorphology, geology, drainage density, soil, slope, and LU/LC were considered to identify of groundwater potential sites. The occurrence of groundwater is impacted by several factors, including soil permeability, porosity, and topographic expression. Survey of India (SoI) toposheets at a scale of 1:50,000 and various resolutions of satellite data, including IRS-ID-LISS-III, ware used in the development of various thematic map layers for Arc-GIS analysis. Four groundwater potential zones have been demarcated in Kusumi block, such as poor, moderate, good and very good using integrated approach of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and AHP method. This result was validated with well inventory data collected during field study and confirmed with the ground water potential zones.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thanked the Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University and Maharaja Purna Chandra Autonomous College Baripada for providing Library and Laboratory facilities for conduct of this research work. The authors are thankful to both the anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions and comments for necessary improvement.

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I hereby certify that no individual or organisation has sponsored or provided funding for this study. The costs of this study are covered entirely by the authors. Therefore, the authors sponsored this study themselves.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, MSCB University, Baripada, Odisha, 757003, India

    Debabrata Nandi & Debasish Sing

  2. Department of Geology, MPC Autonomous College, Baripada, Odisha, India

    Pramod Chandra Sahu

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  1. Debabrata Nandi
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Contributions

The study’s inception and design were assisted by all of the authors. There are no additional individuals who satisfy the standards for authorship; all mentioned authors have read and approved the manuscript. The authors individual contributions are listed here, Introduction, Conceptualization, Data collection, Data analysis: Debabrata Nandi, Methodology, Formatting tables and figures, Writing: Debasish Sing, Writing- Review and Editing, critically revised the work: Pramod Chandra Sahu.

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Correspondence to Debabrata Nandi.

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Nandi, D., Sing, D. & Sahu, P.C. Geospatial analysis of groundwater potential zones using GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making AHP approach. Sustain. Water Resour. Manag. 10, 142 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-024-01125-z

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