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The impact of frailty on noninvasive mechanical ventilation in elderly medical intensive care unit patients

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Abstract

Aim

Many factors affecting noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in critically ill patients have been reported in the literature, but there is no study about the effect of frailty. With this study, the frailty prevalence was evaluated with two different frailty scores among the NIV population of a medical intensive care unit (ICU). Besides, the impact of frailty on NIV success and mortality and its association with NIV application problems were evaluated.

Method

A prospective observational cohort study was performed on patients who were over 50 years of age and assigned to NIV due to hypercapnic respiratory failure. For the assessment of frailty, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and The Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS) were used and the ones with CFS ≥5 and EFS ≥8 were considered as fragile. The study population was classified and compared according to NIV success, ICU outcome (discharge or exitus) and NIV application problems.

Results

A total of 103 patients with the mean age of 73 ± 11 years were included. The incidence of frailty was 41% with CFS ≥5 and 36% with EFS ≥8. The NIV failure occurred in 30 (29%) patients. Among them frailty and SOFA score was higher; Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was lower. In multivariate analysis GCS (OR: 1.2, p: 0.042) and frailty with EFS (OR: 2.8, p: 0.027) were identified as independent risk factors of NIV failure. Sixty-five (63%) patients had NIV application problems and frailty was higher among them with both CFS and EFS (p < 0.05). Mortality occurred in 18 (17%) patients; NIV failure and frailty according to CFS were independent risk factors of mortality.

Conclusion

The frailty is associated with higher NIV application problems, failure and mortality risk in elderly ICU patients. The CFS and EFS frailty scores can be used to predict NIV success and outcomes in ICUs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Critical Care Fellowship Program, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Iskender Kara, F. Yildirim, A. Zerman, Z. Gullu, N. Boyaci, B. B. Aydogan, U. Gaygisiz & K. Gonderen

  2. Department of Geriatrics, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    G. Arik & Z. Ulger

  3. Department of Internal Medicine and Critical Care, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    M. Turkoglu & G. Aygencel

  4. Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Unit, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    M. Aydogdu & G. Gursel

Authors
  1. Iskender Kara
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  2. F. Yildirim
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  3. A. Zerman
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  4. Z. Gullu
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  5. N. Boyaci
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  6. B. B. Aydogan
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  7. U. Gaygisiz
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  8. K. Gonderen
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  9. G. Arik
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  10. M. Turkoglu
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  11. M. Aydogdu
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  12. G. Aygencel
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  13. Z. Ulger
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  14. G. Gursel
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Iskender Kara.

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Author contributions

All the authors contributed in the literature search, data collection, analysis of data and review of the manuscript. Study design was performed by Dr. IK, Dr. FY, Dr. AZ, Dr. MT, Dr. MA, Dr. GA, Dr. ZU and Dr. GG. Manuscript was prepared by Dr. IK, Dr. FY, Dr. MA and Dr. GG.

Conflict of interest

All the authors of this manuscript declare that there are no conflicts of interest for this study.

Sponsor’s role

No sponsorship has been received for this study (no sponsorship for design, methods, subject recruitment, data collection, analysis and preparation of paper).

Ethical approval

The ethics committee of the institution had approved the study (Gazi University Research Ethics Committee of Medical Faculty, 23.10.2015 and No: 92). The study has been conducted in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

Informed consent

An informed consent was obtained either from patients (if competent) or from their family.

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Kara, I., Yildirim, F., Zerman, A. et al. The impact of frailty on noninvasive mechanical ventilation in elderly medical intensive care unit patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 30, 359–366 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-017-0774-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-017-0774-z

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