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Validation of the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire adapted for the French-speaking Canadian population

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Abstract

Purpose

The Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ) is a newly developed questionnaire adapted from the widely used Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. This questionnaire assesses four food approach scales, namely hunger, food responsiveness, emotional overeating (EOE) and enjoyment of food, and four food avoidance scales, namely satiety responsiveness (SR), emotional undereating (EUE), food fussiness and slowness in eating (SE). This study aimed to validate a French version of the AEBQ in controlled conditions among French-speaking adults from Quebec, Canada.

Methods

The AEBQ was pre-tested through structured interviews with 30 individuals. Participants of the validation study (n = 197, aged 19–65 years) had their height and weight measured and completed the AEBQ, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and Intuitive Eating Scale-2 to assess factorial structure, internal consistency and construct validity. Test–retest reliability over 2 weeks was assessed among 144 participants.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an excellent model fit (NNFI = 0.98, CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.03, χ2/df = 1.17) and provided support for the use of the original 8-factor questionnaire. Internal consistency was adequate for most scales (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.66–0.94) and moderate to excellent test–retest reliability was observed for all scales (ICC = 0.70–90). Women showed higher levels of EOE and SR, and individuals with overweight and obesity showed higher levels of EOE and lower levels of EUE and SE. Construct validity was also supported by expected correlations with disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger from the TFEQ and intuitive eating.

Conclusion

This study indicates that the French AEBQ is a valid and reliable tool to measure eating behaviours in the adult population of Quebec.

Level of evidence

Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies. The data are cross-sectional, but all measurement were undertaken in controlled laboratory conditions and the study provided new information.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the work of Maya Purcell, Diane Drolet and Claudia Hunot in the questionnaire translation process. The authors would also like to thank Éric Frenette for statistical analysis guidance and having performed the confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency analysis in EQS. The authors also acknowledge the work of Sabrina Labrecque, Maurine Dubeuf, David Lane, Isabelle Frappier and Alicia Corriveau in different aspects of data collection.

Funding

This work was supported by the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute. RJ is the recipient of PhD scholarships from the Fonds de recherche du Québec—Santé (FRQS) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (Fellowship number: 430872). The funding agencies had no role in the design, the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, the writing of this article and in the decision to submit this article for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Nutrition, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Raphaëlle Jacob & Véronique Provencher

  2. Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada

    Raphaëlle Jacob, Angelo Tremblay, Shirin Panahi, Véronique Provencher & Vicky Drapeau

  3. Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada

    Raphaëlle Jacob, Angelo Tremblay, Shirin Panahi & Vicky Drapeau

  4. Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Angelo Tremblay & Shirin Panahi

  5. School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Alison Fildes

  6. Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK

    Clare Llewellyn

  7. School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Rebecca J. Beeken

  8. Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Laval University, QC, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada

    Shirin Panahi & Vicky Drapeau

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Contributions

Conceptualization: VD and RJ; funding acquisition: VD and RJ; project administration and supervision: VD and RJ; questionnaire translation process: RJ, VD, AT, AF, RJB and SP; data collection: RJ; statistical analysis: RJ; writing—original draft: RJ; writing—review and editing: RJ, AT, AF, CL, RJB, SP, VP and VD. All of the authors have approved the final version of this article.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vicky Drapeau.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The French version of the questionnaire is available upon request to the corresponding author.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Research Ethics Board of Université Laval (ethics number: 2017–330).

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all of the participants prior to the start of the study.

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Jacob, R., Tremblay, A., Fildes, A. et al. Validation of the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire adapted for the French-speaking Canadian population. Eat Weight Disord 27, 1163–1179 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01229-x

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