Abstract
Here, the composition of TaMoNbZrTiAl refractory high entropy alloy (RHEA) is optimized by increasing Ti content to improve its mechanical property especially the ductility, through comparing two RHEAs with different Ti content. The RHEAs contain two body-centered-cubic (BCC) phases. The BCC phase in the dendritic region is rich in Ta, Mo and Nb, and the BCC phase in the interdendritic region is enriched in Zr, Ti and Al. The as-cast RHEA with a higher Ti content remains dendritic microstructures, and Ti is mainly enriched in the interdendritic region. After annealing treatment at 1300 °C for 48 h, the dendritic microstructures change into equiaxed-grain morphology, accompanied by needle-like micron precipitates at grain boundaries in the RHEA with higher Ti content. For the as-cast RHEAs, the fracture strain increases by ~ 6.6% and the uniform plastic strain increases by ~ 5.9% at the compression test due to the increase of Ti content. Our work offers a reference for the composition design of RHEAs and makes a preliminary exploration of the optimization of the microstructures and mechanical properties.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Data will be made available on request.
References
A.K. Sinha, V.K. Soni, R. Chandrakar, A. Kumar, Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 74, 2953 (2021)
C.M. Liu, H.M. Wang, S.Q. Zhang, H.B. Tang, A.L. Zhang, J. Alloys Compd. 583, 162 (2014)
D.X. Qiao, H. Jiang, W.N. Jiao, Y.P. Lu, Z.Q. Cao, T.J. Li, Acta Metall. Sin. -Engl. Lett. 32, 925 (2019)
X. Ren, Y. Li, Y. Qi, B. Wang, Materials 15, 2931 (2022)
L.K. Iroc, O.U. Tukac, B.B. Tanrisevdi, O. El-Atwani, M.A. Tunes, Y.E. Kalay, E. Aydogan, Mater. Des. 223, 111239 (2022)
Y. Wan, J. Mo, X. Wang, Z. Zhang, B. Shen, X. Liang, Acta Metall. Sin. -Engl. Lett. 34, 1585 (2021)
L. **ang, W. Guo, B. Liu, A. Fu, J. Li, Q. Fang, Y. Liu, Entropy 22, 282 (2020)
H.W. Yao, J.W. Qiao, M.C. Gao, J.A. Hawk, S.G. Ma, H.F. Zhou, Y. Zhang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 674, 203 (2016)
X. Yin, Y.K. Dou, X.F. He, K. **, C.L. Wang, Y.G. Dong, C.Y. Wang, Y.F. Xue, W. Yang, Acta Metall. Sin. -Engl. Lett. 36, 405 (2023)
J. Wen, X. Chu, Y. Cao, N. Li, Metals 11, 514 (2021)
Y. Cao, Y. Liu, B. Liu, W. Zhang, J. Wang, M. Du, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 29, 1476 (2019)
S. Lu, X. Li, X. Liang, W. Shao, W. Yang, J. Chen, Int. J. Refract. Met. H. 105, 105812 (2022)
S.H. Chen, J.S. Zhang, S. Guan, T. Li, J.Q. Liu, F.F. Wu, Y.C. Wu, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 835, 142701 (2022)
C. Li, S.H. Chen, Z.W. Wu, Z.F. Zhang, Y.C. Wu, J. Mater. Res. 37, 1664 (2022)
S. Zhang, R. Li, Y. Xu, Mater. Res. Express 9, 096510 (2022)
T. Li, J. Miao, Y. Lu, T. Wang, T. Li, Int. J. Refract. Met. H. 103, 105762 (2022)
H. Liu, L. Liu, C. **n, AIP Adv. 11, 025044 (2021)
T. Huang, S. Wu, H. Jiang, Y. Lu, T. Wang, T. Li, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 27, 1318 (2020)
Z.D. Han, H.W. Luan, X. Liu, N. Chen, X.Y. Li, Y. Shao, K.F. Yao, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 712, 380 (2018)
H. Yao, J. Miao, Y. Liu, E. Guo, H. Huang, Y. Lu, T. Wang, T. Li, Adv. Eng. Mater. 23, 2100225 (2021)
Y.G. Dong, S. Chen, N.N. Jia, Q.H. Zhang, L. Wang, Y.F. Xue, K. **, Tungsten 3, 406 (2021)
S. Wu, D. Qiao, H. Zhao, J. Wang, Y. Lu, J. Alloys Compd. 889, 161800 (2021)
M. Zhang, X. Zhou, W. Zhu, J. Li, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 49, 1313 (2018)
Y. Wang, S. Ma, X. Chen, J. Shi, Y. Zhang, J. Qiao, Acta Metall. Sin. -Engl. Lett. 26, 277 (2013)
Y. Yu, P. Shi, K. Feng, J. Liu, J. Cheng, Z. Qiao, J. Yang, J. Li, W. Liu, Acta Metall. Sin. -Engl. Lett. 33, 1077 (2020)
C. Zhu, Z. Li, C. Hong, P. Dai, J. Chen, Int. J. Refract. Met. H. 93, 105357 (2020)
B. Gorr, M. Azim, H.J. Christ, T. Mueller, D. Schliephake, M. Heilmaier, J. Alloys Compd. 624, 270 (2015)
O.N. Senkov, S.V. Senkova, C. Woodward, Acta Mater. 68, 214 (2014)
G. Dirras, H. Couque, L. Lilensten, A. Heczel, D. Tingaud, J.P. Couzinié, L. Perrière, J. Gubicza, I. Guillot, Mater. Charact. 111, 106 (2016)
S. Barzilai, C. Toher, S. Curtarolo, O. Levy, Acta Mater. 120, 255 (2016)
Z.D. Han, N. Chen, S.F. Zhao, L.W. Fan, G.N. Yang, Y. Shao, K.F. Yao, Intermetallics 84, 153 (2017)
Y. Guo, J. He, W. Lu, L. Jia, Z. Li, Mater. Charact. 172, 110836 (2021)
J. Yi, L. Wang, M. Xu, L. Yang, Mater. Tehnol. 55, 305 (2021)
Y. Guo, J. He, Z. Li, X. Wu, W. Lu, C. Liu, Mater. Charact. 194, 112495 (2022)
T.E. Whitfield, E.J. Pickering, C.E. Talbot, C.N. Jones, H.J. Stone, N.G. Jones, Scr. Mater. 180, 71 (2020)
N. Hua, W. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Ye, S. Lin, L. Zhang, Q. Guo, J. Brechtl, P.K. Liaw, J. Alloys Compd. 861, 157997 (2021)
L. Liu, Y. Zhang, G. Wu, Y. Yu, Y. Ma, J. Ma, I. Baker, Z. Zhang, J. Alloys Compd. 906, 164291 (2022)
T. **ang, M. Zhao, P. Du, G. **e, J. Alloys Compd. 930, 167408 (2023)
D. Cui, Z. Yang, B. Guo, L. Liu, Z. Wang, J. Li, J. Wang, F. He, Intermetallics 151, 107727 (2022)
K.Y. Tsai, M.H. Tsai, J.W. Yeh, Acta Mater. 61, 4887 (2013)
R. Wang, Y. Tang, S. Li, Y. Ai, Y. Li, B. **ao, L. Zhu, X. Liu, S. Bai, J. Alloys Compd. 825, 154099 (2020)
Y. Liu, T. Pan, L. Zhang, D. Yu, Y. Ge, J. Alloys Compd. 476, 429 (2009)
O.N. Senkov, J.K. Jensen, A.L. Pilchak, D.B. Miracle, H.L. Fraser, Mater. Des. 139, 498 (2018)
W. **ong, A.X.Y. Guo, S. Zhan, C.T. Liu, S.C. Cao, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 142, 196 (2023)
C. Jiang, R.D. Mariani, C.A. Adkins, Materialia 10, 100701 (2020)
Y. Gao, L. Qiao, D. Wu, Y. Zhang, Y. Zou, Vacuum 179, 109459 (2020)
K.K. Tseng, C.C. Juan, S. Tso, H.C. Chen, C.W. Tsai, J.W. Yeh, Entropy 21, 15 (2018)
A. Roy, P. Sreeramagiri, T. Babuska, B. Krick, P.K. Ray, G. Balasubramanian, Mater. Charact. 172, 110877 (2021)
C.S. Wu, P.H. Tsai, C.M. Kuo, C.W. Tsai, Entropy 20, 967 (2018)
S.P. Wang, J. Xu, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 73, 80 (2017)
A. Takeuchi, A. Inoue, Intermetallics 18, 1779 (2010)
Y. Cao, Y. Liu, B. Liu, W. Zhang, Intermetallics 100, 95 (2018)
N.N. Guo, L. Wang, L.S. Luo, X.Z. Li, Y.Q. Su, J.J. Guo, H.Z. Fu, Mater. Des. 81, 87 (2015)
X.W. Nie, M.D. Cai, S. Cai, Int. J. Refract. Met. H. 98, 105568 (2021)
H. Li, S. Zeng, Y.K. Zhou, H.L. Li, H.W. Zhang, H.F. Zhang, Z.W. Zhu, Acta Metall. Sin. -Engl. Lett. 35, 1583 (2022)
N. Li, C.L. Jia, Z.W. Wang, L.H. Wu, D.R. Ni, Z.K. Li, H.M. Fu, P. Xue, B.L. **ao, Z.Y. Ma, Y. Shao, Y.L. Chang, Acta Metall. Sin. -Engl. Lett. 33, 947 (2020)
K. Han, V. Toplosky, N. Min, J. Lu, Y. **n, R. Walsh, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 28, 1 (2018)
K. Han, V. Toplosky, N. Min, Y. **n, R. Walsh, J. Lu, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 29, 1 (2019)
X. Zhou, Y. Chen, Y. Jiang, Y. Li, Mater. Res. Express 6, 1265i7 (2020)
Acknowledgements
Y. Guo thanks Prof. Hu Zhang and Prof. Lina Jia at Beihang University for the preparation of experimental alloys. Thermo-Calc simulations and experiments, including SEM, EPMA, STEM, mechanical testing, etc., were performed at Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, and the authors acknowledge M. Nellessen, U. Tezins and A. Sturm for the experimental support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Yu**g Zhou was involved in methodology, formal analysis, investigation and writing—original draft. Siyi Peng contributed to methodology, formal analysis and investigation. Yueling Guo participated in conceptualization, investigation, methodology, formal analysis and writing—review and editing. **aoxiang Wu took part in methodology and writing—review and editing. Changmeng Liu was responsible for investigation, methodology and formal analysis. Zhiming Li was involved in methodology, formal analysis and writing—review and editing.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors state that there are no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Additional information
Available online at http://springer.longhoe.net/journal/40195.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhou, Y., Peng, S., Guo, Y. et al. Microstructure Modification and Ductility Improvement for TaMoNbZrTiAl Refractory High Entropy Alloys via Increasing Ti Content. Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01707-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01707-y