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Impact of LED light sources on morphogenesis and levels of photosynthetic pigments in Gerbera jamesonii grown in vitro

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Abstract

Gerbera jamesonii cv. Dura is a well-known and economically important ornamental crop that is produced using micropropagation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various light wavelengths in six different light emitting diode (LED) treatments on biometric attributes and photosynthetic pigment content in gerbera plants grown in vitro. The LED treatments were B (100% blue), RB1 (50% red and 50% blue), RB2 (70% red and 30% blue), RBW (40% red, 40% blue, and 20% white), RBfR (49% red, 49% blue, and 2% far red), and R (100% red). Light quality was seen to significantly affect plant growth and development. The highest shoot multiplication rate was observed in plants grown under both RB1 and RB2. Plantlets grown under R displayed the greatest shoot elongation, and their petioles were three times longer than those grown under B. Both B and R resulted in reduced leaf blade area. Rooting of shoots was observed in plants grown under all light treatments; however, R stimulated adventitious root formation. The average number of roots produced by plants under all light treatments was calculated and found to match that produced under RB2. The RBfR treatment caused a reduction in leaf dry weight compared to that produced under B, which represented the highest leaf dry weight. Control fluorescent lighting, supplied by Philips TL-D 36W/54 lamps, had a positive effect on root dry weight. Photosynthetic pigment content was higher in the leaves of rooted plants compared to that in plants at the multiplication stage. RB2 resulted in higher concentrations of chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids, whereas lower accumulation of photosynthetic pigments was observed under R. These results demonstrate that light wavelength manipulation through LEDs can be strategically used for the rapid and large-scale propagation of gerbera. The outcomes of this study offer potential to improve micropropagation efficiency and reduce the costs of in vitro plant production.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank ‘Teresa Foszczka Laboratorium in vitro’ for providing plant material to start the experiment. This research was supported by DS3500 statutory funds for science, Granted by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ornamental Plants, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland

    Bożena Pawłowska, Bożena Szewczyk-Taranek & Monika Cioć

  2. PXM, 32-003, Podłęże 654, Poland

    Marek Żupnik

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  1. Bożena Pawłowska
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Correspondence to Bożena Pawłowska.

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Pawłowska, B., Żupnik, M., Szewczyk-Taranek, B. et al. Impact of LED light sources on morphogenesis and levels of photosynthetic pigments in Gerbera jamesonii grown in vitro. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 59, 115–123 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-018-0012-4

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