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Longitudinal cerebral metabolic changes in pig-tailed macaques infected with the neurovirulent virus SIVsmmFGb

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Abstract

Longitudinal cerebral metabolite changes in pig-tailed macaques inoculated with the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmFGb were evaluated with in vivo proton MRS at 3 T. Blood sample collection, and MRS were carried out before and 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks after SIV inoculation. Significant reduction of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho)/Cr ratios in prefrontal gray matter (PGM) and glutamate/glutamine(Glx)/Cr ratio in striatum, and increase of myo-inositol (mI)/Cr in striatum were observed during acute SIV infection. The metabolite alterations during the SIVsmmFGb infection are largely in agreement with previous findings in other non-human primate models and HIV patients. Also, NAA/Cr in PGM and striatum and Glx/Cr in striatum are negatively correlated with the percentage of CD8+ T cells after the SIV infection, suggesting the interaction between brain metabolite and immune dysfunction. The present study complements previous studies by describing the time course of alterations of brain metabolites during SIVsmmFGb infection. The findings further demonstrate the efficacy of the SIVsmmFGb-infected macaque as a model to characterize central nervous system infection using novel neuroimaging approaches and also as a tool for exploration of novel and advanced neuroimaging techniques in HIV/AIDS studies.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the vet team of Yerkes Imaging Center and the Animal Resources of Yerkes National Primate Research Center for their assistance in this study. This project was in part funded by the National Center for Research Resources P51RR000165 and is currently supported by the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD P51OD011132 and by NIH grant MH067769 (FJN).

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  1. Francis J. Novembre

    Present address: Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76502, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    Chun-**a Li, **aodong Zhang & Yingxia Li

  2. Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    **aodong Zhang, Amelia Komery & James G. Herndon

  3. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    Hui Mao

  4. Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    Francis J. Novembre

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  1. Chun-**a Li
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Correspondence to **aodong Zhang.

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Li, CX., Zhang, X., Komery, A. et al. Longitudinal cerebral metabolic changes in pig-tailed macaques infected with the neurovirulent virus SIVsmmFGb. J. Neurovirol. 20, 612–619 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-014-0286-y

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